The Pharmacokinetics of Doxycycline in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) Following Intravenous and Oral Administrations

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the bioavailability (BA) and pharmacokinetics (PK) of doxycycline (DC) in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) following a single intravenous injection at 5 mg/kg and a single oral administration at 50 mg/kg at 24 • C. The calculation of PK parameters was based on the software 3P97. The plasma samples were determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Following oral administration, the multiple-peak phenomenon presented in concentration vs. time curve of DC at 2 h (107.01 mg/L), 8 h (55.07 mg/L), and 72 h (15.10 mg/L), respectively. The compartmental model cannot simulate the oral concentration vs. time profile beside a non-compartmental model. The calculated parameters of the elimination rate constant (λ z), the elimination half-life (t 1/2λz), and the area under the concentration vs. time curve (AUC 0-144) were 0.037 1/h, 18.91 h, and 2255.45 µg.h/mL, respectively. After intravenous administration, the concentration vs. time profile of DC was best described by a two-compartmental open model without absorption. The parameters of the distribution rate constant (α), the distribution half-life (t 1/2α), the elimination rate constant (β), the elimination half-life (t 1/2β), the apparent distribution volume at steady state (V ss), the total clearance (Cl) and the area under the concentration vs. time curve (AUC 0-∞) were 2.79 1/h, 0.25 h, 0.042 1/h, 16.51 h, 300.00 mL/kg, 14.00 mL/h/kg, and 364.99 µg.h/mL, respectively. For the calculation of BA values at the same condition, the data obtained from intravenous injection were also iterated based on a non-compartmental model, and the corresponding parameters of λ z , t 1/2λz , V z , Cl, and AUC 0-144 were 0.019 1/h, 36.26 h, 480.00 mL/kg, 9.10 mL/h/kg, and 514.45 µg.h/mL, respectively. However, there was a considerable difference in the same parameter when calculated by compartmental and non-compartmental approaches. Finally, the medium BA value of DC was evaluated to be 43.84%. This study provides future studies with a framework for determining the BA of DC in the development of a new formulation and provides information on the appropriate use of DC in aquaculture.

Determination of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Parameters of Doxycycline against Edwardsiella ictaluri in Yellow Catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)

“…The detailed procedures are referred to our recent studies [ 36 , 37 ]. In brief, the fish were divided into three groups that were treated with three different single doses of DC at 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, respectively, by oral gavage.…”

Pharmacokinetic behaviour and pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic integration of doxycycline in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after intravascular, intramuscular and oral administrations

“…The t 1/2 ʎz and Cl T of DO following IV administration were determined to be 34.81 h and 0.03 L/h/kg, respectively, in rainbow trout at 13°C. This value was similar to those previously reported for tilapia ( t 1/2 ʎz ; 39 h, Cl T 0.04 L/h/kg, 13°C) (Yang et al., 2014), grass carp ( t 1/2 ʎz ; 27.75 h, 24°C) (Xu et al., 2020b) and channel catfish ( t 1/2 ʎz ; 36.26 h, Cl T 0.09 L/h/kg, 24°C) (Xu et al., 2020a).…”

Effects of Temperature on the Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Residues, and Withdrawal Times of Doxycycline in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following Oral Administration

“…Doxycycline has been widely utilized in the treatment of bacterial diseases in fish due to its low cost and has little adverse effects. Doxycycline is recommended to be used at a 20 mg/kg dose for 3–5 days in infections caused by bacteria such as Aeromonas hydrophila , Edwardsiella ictalurid , Vibrio vulnificus , Pseudomonas fluorescens , and Fibrobacter columnaris in some fish species in China, Japan, India, and the Philippines [ 15 , 16 ]. The MRL of doxycycline for muscle and skin in fish was 100 μg/kg in Europe and China and 50 μg/kg in Japan [ 17 , 18 ].…”