The persistence of penicillin G in the mammary gland when infused immediately after the last milking of lactation

Smith, A.; Neave, F. K.

doi:10.1017/s0022029900012140

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The keratin plug is critical for protection against IMI and the risk of IMI increases in cows with impaired plug integrity (Bramley & Dodd, 1984; Capuco et al 1992). Another risk factor for IMI in dry cows is a decrease in antibiotic efficacy toward the end of the dry period (Smith et al 1967a, b; Oliver et al 1991). Most dry cow antibiotics provide protective concentrations for approximately 4–5 weeks, but not until the end of the 6–8-week dry period.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of dry cow antibiotic with and without an internal teat sealant on udder health during the first 100 d of lactation: a field study with matched pairs

Mütze

Wolter²,

Failing

et al. 2012

Journal of Dairy Research

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The objective of this field study was to compare the udder health status as well as the clinical mastitis rate during the first 100 d of lactation in cows that received long-acting dry cow antibiotic alone (group AB) or in combination with an internal teat sealant (group AB + OS). The study was conducted during a 9-month period and included 136 Holstein cows from 12 dairy farms in Hessia, Germany. Between days 1 and 5 after calving a California mastitis test (CMT) was performed. Milk-samples were collected for bacteriological culture before drying off, between days 6 and 14 and days 35 and 56 of lactation. Additionally the cows were monitored for the occurrence of clinical mastitis events until 100 d post partum. Within the 12 herds cow-pairs were formed on the basis of age, milk yield and SCC. A cow-pair consisted of one cow from group AB and one cow from group AB + OS. For statistical analysis within every cow-pair one quarter that has been dried off with internal teat sealant and dry cow antibiotic (group AB + OS) was compared with one quarter that has been dried off with dry cow antibiotic (group AB) alone. As criterion for the matching process of udder quarters the cytobacteriological udder health status before drying off was used. A total of 544 quarters (136 cows) were used in this analysis. In the first 5 d after calving, group AB had significantly more quarters with a positive CMT reaction than group AB + OS (85 vs. 57; P <0·001), and in the first 100 d of lactation, group AB had more quarters with clinical mastitis than group AB + OS (25 vs. 15; P = 0·03). In the time periods 6-14 and 35-56 d of lactation, there were fewer quarters in group AB + OS populated with Corynebacterium spp. (days 6-14, P = 0·05; days 35-56, P = 0·02) and aesculin-positive streptococci (days 35-56, P = 0·02). The internal teat sealant was a promising tool for the prevention of new intramammary infections (IMI) of dry cows with environmental udder pathogens as expressed during early lactation.

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confidence: 99%

The effect of dry cow antibiotic with and without an internal teat sealant on udder health during the first 100 d of lactation: a field study with matched pairs

Mütze

Wolter²,

Failing

et al. 2012

Journal of Dairy Research

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“…The “five-point plan” of the UK's National Institute for Research in Dairying, in place since the late 1960s to control contagious mastitis on dairy farms, centered around five key recommendations, including routine maintenance of milking machines, post-milking teat disinfection, identification and antimicrobial treatment of clinical cases, whole herd antimicrobial dry-cow therapy (DCT) and the culling of chronically infected cows ( 1 – 3 ). These recommendations were facilitated by the development of persistent antimicrobial formulations ( 4 , 5 ), both to shorten the duration of infection (following administration at drying off) and to prevent the establishment of new infection (at or following drying off). The plan proved extremely effective in managing contagious pathogens, with the incidence in clinical mastitis falling from in excess of 150 cases per 100 cows per year in some herds to <40 cases per 100 cows per year between the late 1960s and early 1980s ( 6 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mastitis Control and Intramammary Antimicrobial Stewardship in Ireland: Challenges and Opportunities

McAloon

Boloña

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The Veterinary Medicines Regulation (EU 2019/6) came into force in all EU member states on 28 January 2022. This regulation places particular emphasis on prudent and responsible antimicrobial use in food animal production. Key changes include restrictions on the prophylactic use of antimicrobials in animals, and the possibility to reserve certain antimicrobials for humans only. The Regulation presents challenges to the Irish dairy industry, particularly with respect to current approaches to dry cow therapy. In response, the CellCheck technical working group (TWG, a technical group working in support of CellCheck, the national mastitis control programme) have developed pragmatic national and farm-level recommendations in support of improved mastitis control and intramammary antimicrobial stewardship in the Irish dairy industry. This paper outlines these recommendations, and provides an overview of the evidence considered to inform the TWG during its work (including the Regulation, policy perspectives, international best-practice, international scientific reviews and specific Irish challenges). In many key areas of concern, the TWG recognises the challenges in seeking to shape recommendations in the absence of robust and practical scientific evidence. For this reason, some of the recommended actions are pragmatic in nature, informed by national and international experiences. Periodic programme review will be needed, informed by ongoing monitoring of key performance indicators, to identify those actions that are most effective in an Irish context.

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Persistence in milk of active antimicrobial intramammary substances

Archimbault¹

1983

Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology

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The persistence of penicillin G in the mammary gland when infused immediately after the last milking of lactation

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

The effect of dry cow antibiotic with and without an internal teat sealant on udder health during the first 100 d of lactation: a field study with matched pairs

The effect of dry cow antibiotic with and without an internal teat sealant on udder health during the first 100 d of lactation: a field study with matched pairs

Mastitis Control and Intramammary Antimicrobial Stewardship in Ireland: Challenges and Opportunities

Persistence in milk of active antimicrobial intramammary substances

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