The Permeability of Skin and Oral Mucosa to Water and Horseradish Peroxidase as Related to the Thickness of the Permeability Barrier

Squier, Christopher A.; Hall, B.K.

doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12264711

Cited by 137 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These workers reported that this 20% of the oral mucosa accounted for between 75 and 80% of oral carcinomas, and Mashberg (1980) also found that 66% of oral carcinomas originate in the floor of the mouth or on the ventral surface of the tongue. These regions also appear to be the most permeable to tritiated water in both the pig (Squier and Hall, 1985) and the human (Lesch et al, 1987), and their possible higher permeability to other substances, such as carcinogens, has been postulated as a factor in their particular susceptibility to development of carcinoma (Lesch et at., 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In studies on porcine oral mucosa, Squier and Hall (1985) found that the floor of the mouth was significantly more permeable than any other site in the oral cavity, while the keratinized gingival epithelium was closer in water permeability to epidermis. Studies on the permeability of oral mucosa from cadavers, by Lesch et al (1987), also showed that the floor of the mouth and lateral borders of the tongue were the most permeable regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Surface Area of the Adult Human Mouth and Thickness of the Salivary Film Covering the Teeth and Oral Mucosa

1987

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The surface area of the mouth was measured to calculate the average thickness of the salivary film which separates the opposing layers of the oral mucosa and which also overlies the dental plaque.The subjects were 10 adults of each sex, all of whom had essentially a full complement of teeth. Impressions were taken of the upper and lower jaws, the buccal and labial vestibular mucosa, and the ventral surface of the tongue, and stone models were cast. The dorsum of the tongue was assumed to have the same area as the palate plus that of the palatal surfaces of the upper teeth. The six separate areas considered were the teeth, the palate, the buccal and lingual gingival and alveolar mucosa, the buccal and labial vestibular mucosa, the ventral surface of the tongue, including the floor of the mouth, and the dorsum of the tongue. Aluminum foil, of known weight per unit area, was adapted to the models of the different regions of the mouth, and the surface areas were calculated from the weights of the foil.The mean total surface area of the mouth was 214.7 + 12.9 cm2, and there was no significant difference due to gender. The teeth, keratinized epithelium, and non-keratinized epithelium occupied about 20%, 50%, and 30% of the total surface area, respectively.Given that the average volumes ofsaliva present in the mouth before and after swallowing have been estimated to be 0.77 and 1.07 mL, respectively, it can be calculated that the average thickness of the salivary film in the mouth varies between 0.07 and 0.10 mm. Since we have previously assumed that dental plaque is washed by a relatively thick layer of saliva, the results have important implications with regard to diffusion of substances in and out of dental plaque and with regard to the sensation of oral dryness caused by fluid absorption through the oral mucosa or by salivary evaporation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Surface Area of the Adult Human Mouth and Thickness of the Salivary Film Covering the Teeth and Oral Mucosa

1987

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“…Apart from these aspects, acceptability to the patient, drug release profile, and the practicality of using them also play an important role. [4][5][6] Type of mucosa, thickness of mucosa and keratinization: The permeability drug across the mucosa may vary depending on the thickness of the oral mucosa at different sites. Keratinized mucosa is less permeable to the drugs as compared to the non-keratizied mucosa.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Topical Drug Delivery and Characteristic Of Oramentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical drug delivery: An essential aid in the management of oral diseases

Shastry¹,

Sanjay²,

Kaul³

et al. 2015

JCRI

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Topical medications play an important role in the management of oral lesions. Various topical medications ranging from topical anesthetics to topical antineoplastics have been widely used in dentistry. Topical medications have been extensively used as the first line of therapy in many conditions such as vesiculobullous diseases, oral infections like candidiasis, herpes simplex, potentially malignant disorders, neuropathic pain, and oral mucositis. Topical drug therapy provides targeted and a more efficient drug delivery options for the local oral lesions as compared to systemic therapy. While accessibility, lower systemic side effects, and many other advantages are associated with the usage of topical oral medications, several challenges are also faced such as taste alterations, poor penetration, and limited surface area. The objective of this review is to provide insight into the mechanism of topical drug delivery, summary of various topical medications used in oral lesions, advantages and disadvantages, characteristic of oral mucosa and various challenges faced in delivering topical medications.

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“…The difficulty in using rabbit oral mucosa, however, is the sudden transition to keratinized tissue at the mucosal margins making it hard to isolate the desired non-keratinized region 53 . The oral mucosa of larger experimental animals that has been used for permeability and drug delivery studies include monkeys 54 , dogs 35,40,55,56 and pigs 57,58,[59][60][61][62][63] .…”

Section: Experimental Animal Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2011

IJPSR

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Buccal controlled drug delivery system has been developed since the environment of the oral cavity provides potential sites for drug delivery. The acid hydrolysis and first pass effects can be avoided. The release of drug can be affected by continuous secretion of saliva. The mucin film exists in oral mucosa offers an opportunity to develop mucoadhesive system, which retain at absorption site for prolonged time by mucoadhesive binding. The close contact with absorption membrane causes more absorption of the drug. The pH of buccal cavity ranges between 5-7, and does not cause any problem to the drug with the right dosage form design and formulation; the permeability and the local environment of the mucosa can be controlled and manipulated in order to accommodate drug permeation. Buccal drug delivery is a promising area for continued research with the aim of systemic delivery of orally inefficient drugs as well as a feasible and attractive alternative for non-invasive delivery of potent peptide and protein drug molecules. The objective of this article is to review mucosa as a route for drug delivery by discussing the structure, environment, permeability, dynamics etc. of the buccal mucosa and the materials used for oral permeation enhancers.

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The Permeability of Skin and Oral Mucosa to Water and Horseradish Peroxidase as Related to the Thickness of the Permeability Barrier

Cited by 137 publications

References 15 publications

The Surface Area of the Adult Human Mouth and Thickness of the Salivary Film Covering the Teeth and Oral Mucosa

The Surface Area of the Adult Human Mouth and Thickness of the Salivary Film Covering the Teeth and Oral Mucosa

Topical drug delivery: An essential aid in the management of oral diseases

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