This article focuses on the Monthly Film Bulletin, a magazine devoted to what is often regarded as the lowliest and most ephemeral form of film criticism: the film review. Studying the Bulletin's publication history, with a particular emphasis on the 1970s, the article challenges the dismissal of 'journalistically motivated' film criticism in academic discourse. It argues that the historical interest of the Bulletin's late period lies in its hybrid identity, a journal of record in which both accurate information and personal evaluation coexisted as values, and in which a polyphony of individual critical voices creatively worked through a routinised reviewing practice and a generic discursive format.
Keywords
criticism, film reviewing, political modernism, counter-cinema, Monthly Film BulletinFilm studies established itself as an academic discipline by turning its back on film criticism. In Britain, in a context of expanding higher education provision, the push to embed the study of film in universities -an agenda supported by the British Film Institute (BFI) education department -involved the self-conscious alienation of film study from film criticism. Symptomatic of this breach, or rather enacting it, film criticism was consistently attacked in the journal of the Society of Film Teachers, Screen, when it was re-launched in 1971. Screen's editorial board announced that its freedom from the routine journalism of other film magazines, a privilege afforded it by a grant-in-aid from the BFI, provided an opportunity and a responsibility to promote 2 the development of theories of film. Theory, it was said, would introduce an attitude of self-awareness, rigor and self-criticism that were considered to be entirely absent from English film criticism, the achievements of which were, in Claire Johnston's withering estimation, 'almost primitive'.1 Screen would 'go beyond subjective taste-ridden criticism and try to develop more systematic approaches over a wider field.' 2 Hostile to 'massively available criticism', Screen agitated for a shift in the agency producing legitimate film knowledge from cinephile magazines and the professional writers and journalists who wrote for them, to the university and educational professionals. Those of us now situated in academia are both the beneficiaries of the ambition to theorise and the inheritors of a prejudice towards writing that derives from a journalistic context.In other words, the making of film studies as an academic discipline was marked by a foundational act of boundary work which resulted in the rejection or subsequent cooption of journalistic film criticism. 3 Broadly intervening in the current reconsideration of film criticism and cinephilia in film studies, this article focuses on worked through a routinised reviewing practice and a highly generic discursive format.
Reassessing Film CriticismOver the last few years there has been a growing interest in engaging film criticism within film studies; not as a primitive, untutored other, evolutionary precursor to the...