“…represents new multimedia technologies, including" (Zhou, 2018, p. 22). In the last two decades, ICT skills, that is, the ability to use information and communication technologies, have become valid for both individuals and societies (Altunisik & Akturk, (2021;International ICT Literacy Panel, 2007;Kaleli, 2021;Noroozi, Banihashem & Biemans, 2021;Shastri & Chudasma, 2022;Sünbül, Gündüz & Yılmaz, 2002). For example, recent research confirms the important role of ICT skills for the employability, earnings and social inclusion of individuals, as well as for the economic growth of societies (Alan & Sünbül, 2015;European Commission, 2021;Falck, Heimisch & Wiederhold, 2016;Hebebci, 2021;Kaleli, 2020).…”