The Pelagic In situ Observation System (PELAGIOS) to reveal biodiversity, behavior and ecology of elusive oceanic fauna

Hoving, Henk-Jan T.; Christiansen, Svenja; Fabrizius, Eduard; Hauss, Helena; Kiko, Rainer; Линке, Петер; Neitzel, Philipp; Piatkowski, Uwe; Körtzinger, Arne

doi:10.5194/os-2018-131

Cited by 5 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Our data illustrate how in situ observations can increase the understanding of local pelagic biodiversity. The video transects revealed more gelatinous taxa than were captured in nets during the same cruise 50 , 69 . We report here only the species that were abundant enough to enable reconstruction of their vertical distribution patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Organisms with peak abundances within the OMZ are ( a ) Halitrephes sp. 50 , ( b ) Colobonema sp., ( c ) Lilyopsis sp. and ( d ) Thalassocalyce inconstans .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the research cruise MSM49 of R/V Maria S. Merian in November–December 2015 in waters around the Archipelago of the Republic of Cape Verde 90 , we performed horizontal video transects with the pelagic in situ observation system (PELAGIOS) 50 . PELAGIOS collects HD video (1Cam Alpha, SubC Imaging, Sony HDR-CX760V recorder, MTS files, 50 frames/s) as well as CTDO data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This analysis resulted in distribution data for 46 taxonomic groups (Table S2 ) including ctenophores, medusae, siphonophores, polychaetes, fishes, crustaceans and tunicates (see also example framegrabs at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.919335 ). The data collected at MSM49 station Senghor NW was also used in the methodology publication about PELAGIOS by Hoving et al 50 . In that study the day and night distribution data of larger taxonomic groups was presented, including fishes, chaetognaths, decapods, mysids and euphausiids, ctenophores, medusae, siphonophores, salps, doliolids and larvaceans, as well as a list of taxa observed during MSM49, as identified to the lowest possible taxon.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a towed deep-sea pelagic observation system 50 and by applying video transect methodology in the water column down to 1000 m of depth, we present baseline observations of gelatinous organism distribution in the ETNA in relation to the oxygen distribution, as well as other environmental drivers (temperature, chlorophyll-a, predator and prey abundance). We use these data to test the hypothesis that gelatinous fauna inhabit the ETNA OMZ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In situ observations show vertical community structure of pelagic fauna in the eastern tropical North Atlantic off Cape Verde

Hoving

Neitzel

Hauss

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Distribution patterns of fragile gelatinous fauna in the open ocean remain scarcely documented. Using epi-and mesopelagic video transects in the eastern tropical North Atlantic, which features a mild but intensifying midwater oxygen minimum zone (OMZ), we established one of the first regional observations of diversity and abundance of large gelatinous zooplankton. We quantified the day and night vertical distribution of 46 taxa in relation to environmental conditions. While distribution may be driven by multiple factors, abundance peaks of individual taxa were observed in the OMZ core, both above and below the OMZ, only above, or only below the OMZ whereas some taxa did not have an obvious distribution pattern. In the eastern eropical North Atlantic, OMZ expansion in the course of global climate change may detrimentally impact taxa that avoid low oxygen concentrations (Beroe, doliolids), but favour taxa that occur in the OMZ (Lilyopsis, phaeodarians, Cydippida, Colobonema, Haliscera conica and Halitrephes) as their habitat volume might increase. While future efforts need to focus on physiology and taxonomy of pelagic fauna in the study region, our study presents biodiversity and distribution data for the regional epi- and mesopelagic zones of Cape Verde providing a regional baseline to monitor how climate change may impact the largest habitat on the planet, the deep pelagic realm.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Organisms with peak abundances within the OMZ are ( a ) Halitrephes sp. 50 , ( b ) Colobonema sp., ( c ) Lilyopsis sp. and ( d ) Thalassocalyce inconstans .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In situ observations show vertical community structure of pelagic fauna in the eastern tropical North Atlantic off Cape Verde

Hoving

Neitzel

Hauss

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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What the flux? Uncertain response of ocean biological carbon export in a changing world

Henson

Laufkötter

Leung

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The export flux of organic carbon from the upper ocean is the starting point of the transfer and long term storage of photosynthetically-fixed carbon in the deep ocean. This "biological carbon pump" is a significant component of the global carbon cycle, reducing atmospheric CO2 levels by ˜50%. Carbon exported out of the upper ocean also fuels the productivity of the mesopelagic zone, including significant fisheries. Despite its importance, export flux is poorly constrained in Earth System Models, with the modelled range in projected future global-mean changes due to climate warming spanning +1.8 to -41%. Fundamental constraints to understanding export flux arise because a myriad of interconnected processes make the biological carbon pump challenging to both observe and model. Our synthesis prioritises the processes likely to be most important to include in modern-day estimates and future projections of export, as well as identifying the observations and model developments required to achieve more robust characterisation of this important planetary carbon flux. We identify particle fragmentation and zooplankton vertical migration as the mechanisms most likely to substantially influence the magnitude of present-day modelled export flux. Of the processes sufficiently understood to allow implementation in climate models, projections of future export flux and feedbacks to climate are likely to be most sensitive to changes in phytoplankton and particle size spectra, and to temperature-dependent remineralisation. "Known unknown" processes which are not currently represented in models and will have an uncertain impact on future projections include particle stickiness and fish vertical migration. With the advent of new observational technologies, such as biogeochemical-Argo floats and miniaturised camera systems, we will be able to better parameterize models and thus decrease uncertainties in current and future export flux.

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Multiple sampling methods to develop indices of mid‐trophic levels abundance in open ocean ecosystems

Escobar-Flores

Décima

O’Driscoll

et al. 2022

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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Mid‐trophic level (MTL) organisms play a key role in the sub‐Antarctic ecosystem food web, linking primary producers and tertiary consumers transferring energy across trophic levels. In this region, the relative abundance of MTLs has been monitored using single‐frequency acoustic data collected opportunistically in a time series of trawl surveys carried out in the austral late spring/early summer. To advance this approach, we developed a methodology that enabled us to disaggregate multifrequency acoustic data into three different MTL groups to assess their temporal and spatial patterns: mesopelagic fish, gelatinous zooplankton (excluding pyrosomes), and euphausiids. We used acoustic data and biological sampling information collected with two midwater trawl nets from a dedicated voyage, to train a classification tree algorithm. We complemented these data with footage from an in‐trawl camera system that gave us new insights on vertical distribution and presence of pelagic taxa. The testing dataset used to implement our classification algorithm was a time series of acoustic data from the sub‐Antarctic trawl survey. This approach was successful at disaggregating acoustic data and provided useful information to study the relative abundance and temporal and spatial patterns of pelagic taxa. Our analysis revealed the presence of dense shallow layers of gelatinous zooplankton which showed a statistically significant increasing trend over the time series. Although we were unable to detect pyrosomes acoustically, we encountered large biovolumes of these organisms during our biological sampling, which was supported by the in‐trawl camera system.

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The Pelagic In situ Observation System (PELAGIOS) to reveal biodiversity, behavior and ecology of elusive oceanic fauna

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

In situ observations show vertical community structure of pelagic fauna in the eastern tropical North Atlantic off Cape Verde

In situ observations show vertical community structure of pelagic fauna in the eastern tropical North Atlantic off Cape Verde

What the flux? Uncertain response of ocean biological carbon export in a changing world

Multiple sampling methods to develop indices of mid‐trophic levels abundance in open ocean ecosystems

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