The Pathophysiologic Mechanism of Tinnitus

Chung, Jae Ho; Lee, Seung Hwan

doi:10.7599/hmr.2016.36.2.81

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Though most cases are idiopathic, some tinnitus patients suffer with sensorineural tinnitus that might be caused by pathophysiological changes in either function or activity of the peripheral (i.e., changes in auditory input at the level of the cochlea and auditory nerve) or central auditory nervous systems [13].…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Vertigo And/or Dizziness and Tinnitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, pathologic changes in cochlear neurotransmission, e.g. destruction of the hair cells in the inner ear by noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) has been identified as one of the most frequent causes of sensorineural tinnitus [13]. While damage to the inner and outer hair cells in the inner ear often recovers after acute noise exposure, auditory nerve fibers to the inner hair cells appear more vulnerable [32].…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Vertigo And/or Dizziness and Tinnitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If persistent and either intolerable or sufficiently bothersome, tinnitus and/or hearing loss can have a profound impact on quality of life (QoL), causing functional impairment in thought processing, emotions, hearing, sleep, and concentration [11] [12]. Tinnitus is typically classified as either subjective/sensorineural tinnitus, heard only by the affected person, or objective/somatic tinnitus [13]. Another possible distinction is acute versus chronic tinnitus; if persisting longer than a certain amount of time, conventionally between six and twelve months, it is usually regarded as "chronic", reflecting clinical experience that the phantom sound will persist [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Standardized Ginkgo Biloba Extract in the Treatment of Vertigo and/or Tinnitus: A Review of the Literature

Hallak¹,

Schneider²,

Güntensperger³

et al. 2021

AAR

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Standardized Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) is an established herbal treatment used for a variety of indications, including vertigo and/or tinnitus. The evidence base in human clinical studies for a clear benefit of GBE in vertigo and/or tinnitus is limited and contradictory due to poor reporting as well as variations in study quality and outcome measures used. The aim of this review is to identify and discuss the rationale for using GBE in the treatment of vertigo and/or tinnitus based on the known pleiotropic actions of GBE and the pathophysiology of vertigo and/or tinnitus. The rationale will be substantiated by a review of the literature in order to identify and evaluate clinical trials investigating the efficacy of GBE in individuals with vertigo and/or tinnitus. The review identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effectiveness of GBE in vertigo and/or tinnitus published in PubMed up to 1 st January 2020. In total, 17 RCTs were included 8 of the 9 studies investigating tinnitus and/or vertigo/dizziness found improvements, and 6 of 8 included studies investigating solely tinnitus showed positive effects. Based on the known mechanisms of action of GBE as well as evidence from animal models and human clinical trials identified in this review, GBE is a rational alternative treatment that might provide benefits to individuals with vertigo and/or tinnitus. However, further well-defined RCTs in patients with defined pathological entities are necessary to further substantiate the beneficial effects of GBE for vertigo and/or tinnitus.

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Section: Pathophysiology Of Vertigo And/or Dizziness and Tinnitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathophysiology Of Vertigo And/or Dizziness and Tinnitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Standardized Ginkgo Biloba Extract in the Treatment of Vertigo and/or Tinnitus: A Review of the Literature

Hallak¹,

Schneider²,

Güntensperger³

et al. 2021

AAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Tinnitus is characterized by the perception of sound in the absence of an external stimulus [1]. Tinnitus may be buzzing, hissing or ringing in the ears, but it can also be intermittent or pulsatile [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tinnitus might be associated with abnormalities at any level of the auditory pathway; however, it commonly starts in the cochlea [3]. Jastreboff considers that tinnitus usually starts in the cochlea and then generates abnormal activity in the central pathway, which lead to propagation of the symptom [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Otoacoustic emissions and contralateral suppression in tinnitus sufferers with normal hearing

Elmoazen

Kozou

Elabassiery

2020

Egypt J Otolaryngol

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Background The general consensus on the role of hearing loss in generating tinnitus is not relevant in tinnitus patients with normal hearing thresholds. One source of tinnitus may be related to damage to outer hair cells (OHC) of the cochlea. If the OHC of the human cochlea are to be involved in the generation of tinnitus, testing of Otoacoustic emissions (OAE) could provide a reliable means of recording OHC dysfunction. We investigated the role of OHC and cochlear efferent system in tinnitus development in normal hearing ears through studying of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) and Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE) amplitudes, contralateral suppression amplitudes and suppression value in 15 normal hearing tinnitus patients and 15 control subjects. Results Mean f2 DPOAE amplitudes and contralateral suppression were significantly lower in tinnitus group compared to controls for all frequencies from 1001 to 6348 Hz. Suppression values of DPOAEs revealed lower but not significant difference between tinnitus and control groups for all frequencies except 1587 and 6348 Hz. TEOAE amplitudes and contralateral suppression were significantly lower in tinnitus groups for all frequencies from 1000 to 4000 Hz compared to the control group. Suppression value of TEOAEs revealed no significant difference between the two groups for all frequencies except 3000 and 4000 Hz were significantly lower in the tinnitus group compared to the control group. Conclusions Normal hearing manifested by pure tone audiometry in non-vascular tinnitus sufferers does not exclude OHC and/or cochlear efferent pathology.

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The effect of tinnitus on hearing-related quality of life outcomes in adult cochlear implant recipients

Opperman

Roux

Masenge

et al. 2020

International Journal of Audiology

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Objective: To describe the effect of tinnitus distress on the hearing-related quality of life (QoL) outcomes over time in adult cochlear implant (CI) recipients. Design:A retrospective, longitudinal study of adult CI recipients was conducted. Hearingrelated QoL and tinnitus distress were assessed using the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB) and the Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire (TRQ) preoperatively and at 6months, 12-months and >24-month postoperatively. The association between tinnitus distress and hearing-related QoL outcomes over time was investigated. Furthermore, 13 potential predictive factors were identified from the retrospective dataset. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify variables that influence hearing-related QoL outcomes over time. Study sample:The study sample included 210 adult ( 18 years) CI recipients implanted between 2001 and 2017.Results: Lower tinnitus distress and younger age at implantation were significant predictors of better hearing-related QoL in adult CI recipients. A significant reduction in tinnitus distress up to two years post-implantation was found, as well as greater tinnitus distress correlating with poorer hearing-related QoL outcomes. Conclusion:Tinnitus distress negatively affects the hearing-related QoL outcomes of adult CI recipients. Tinnitus distress and age at implantation were found to be significant predictors of hearing-related QoL when controlling for other predictive factors.

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The Pathophysiologic Mechanism of Tinnitus

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Standardized Ginkgo Biloba Extract in the Treatment of Vertigo and/or Tinnitus: A Review of the Literature

Standardized Ginkgo Biloba Extract in the Treatment of Vertigo and/or Tinnitus: A Review of the Literature

Otoacoustic emissions and contralateral suppression in tinnitus sufferers with normal hearing

The effect of tinnitus on hearing-related quality of life outcomes in adult cochlear implant recipients

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