The pathogenicity of some avian reoviruses with particular reference to tenosynovitis

Jones, Richard C.; Guneratne, J.R.M.

doi:10.1080/03079458408418522

Cited by 43 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Joint tissues were also collected for histological examination. The system of grading leg swellings in live birds and methods for virus recovery, AGP testing and histopathology have been previously described (Jones and Guneratne, 1984).…”

Section: Chickensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reovirus‐induced tenosynovitis in chickens the influence of age at infection

Jones

Georgiou²

1984

Avian Pathology

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Groups of specific pathogen-free (SPF) light hybrid chickens were infected with an arthrotropic reovirus at 1 day old, or at 2, 4, 6 or 9 weeks of age. In each group, approximately 20 were infected orally and 6 via the footpad. For each age group clinical signs of tenosynovitis, gross and microscopic lesions in the legs, virus excretion in the faeces, virus persistence in the joints, and precipitin response to reovirus were observed over a period of 9 weeks post infection (p.i.). For both routes of infection an age-limited susceptibility was shown, the most serious effects, both in numbers of affected birds and severity of gross lesions including tendon rupture, being seen in the youngest group. Gross lesions were rarely seen after oral infection of 6- and 9-week-old chickens. Footpad inoculation of virus had a more severe effect overall, and extended the age susceptibility, mild leg swellings being seen in some birds infected at 6 and 9 weeks of age. After oral infection, higher virus titres in the faeces and a more prolonged persistence in the gut and hock joint were recorded in chicks infected at 1 day old compared with the other age groups. Also, compared with the older groups, a delayed precipitin response was found in those infected at 1 day old. Footpad inoculation provoked earlier virus replication in the gut and a more rapid precipitin response.

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Section: Chickensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reovirus‐induced tenosynovitis in chickens the influence of age at infection

Jones

Georgiou²

1984

Avian Pathology

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“…Experimental infections have shown that although there may be variation in virulence, most, if not all, avian reovirus strains are able to cause at least microscopic (Olson and Khan, 1972;Sahu and Olson, 1975;Sahu et al, 1979;van der Heide étal., 1980;Gouvea and Schnitzer, 1982) and frequently macroscopic (Jones and Guneratne, 1984) changes in hock joints characteristic of tenosynovitis. However, one feature of experimental infections is that joint lesions are seldom as severe as those observed in naturally occurring tenosynovitis (Macdonald et al, 1978;R.C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reovirus‐induced tenosynovitis in chickens: The effect of breed

Jones

Kibenge

1984

Avian Pathology

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SUMMARYThe effect of breed of chicken on infection with an arthrotropic avian reovirus strain R2 was studied by oral or footpad inoculation of 1-dayold chicks of the following breeds: (1) specific pathogen-free (SPF) light-hybrid, (2) commercial White Leghorn egg-layer, and (3) commercial Ross I broiler, and observed to 12 weeks of age. Although most inoculated birds of all three breeds developed swelling of one or both legs below the hock joint at 3 to 4 weeks of age, gross lesions of tenosynovitis became progressively more severe and extended above the joints only in broilers, whereas in most orally-infected SPF and commercial light chickens gross lesions were intermittently severe and regressed with time. Cloacal virus shedding continued up to 2 weeks in the lighter breeds and 3 weeks after infection in broilers. From a small proportion of infected chickens, reovirus was also reisolated from heart, pancreas and caecal tonsils. In all breeds, the tissue in which virus persisted longest was the hock joint/tendon. There was a poor correlation between isolation of virus and the presence of gross lesions in chickens of 12 weeks of age, especially in broilers. Virus-neutralisation tests demonstrated that seroconversion in the lighter breeds occurred predominantly at 3 weeks and in broilers at 4 weeks after infection. In all three breeds the footpad infection gave significantly lower growth rates than were found in the control and oral-infection groups. Oral infection had no apparent effect on growth rates.

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“…A number of factors has been considered to influence the outcome of reovirus infection in chickens (Kibenge and Wilcox, 1983). Factors related to the virus include the virulence of the strain of virus (Gouvea and Schnitzer, 1982;Jones and Guneratne, 1984), the dose (Gouvea and Schnitzer, 1982), the route of infection and probably the tissue tropism of the virus. Factors of the host include the breed of chicken (Jones and Kibenge, 1984), the age at infection (Jones and Georgiou, 1984) and probably the immune status of the chicken.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of experimental immunosuppression on reovirus‐induced tenosynovitis in light‐hybrid chickens

1987

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SUMMARYGroups of specific pathogen-free light-hybrid chickens which had been immunosuppressed either by surgical thymectomy (Tx) or surgical bursectomy (Bx) or cyclophosphamide (Cy) treatment or Tx plus Cy treatment (Tx + Cy), as well as intact (untreated) birds, were inoculated with graded doses of an arthrotropic avian reovirus at 1 day of age and observed up to 5 weeks post-inoculation (p.i.). Cy-treatment with or without Tx considerably increased the mortality, incidence of gross leg lesions and severity of microscopic lesions due to reovirus infection. The Bx group showed only a significant increase in mortality, and the Tx group response was generally similar to the untreated group. Dead birds showed hepatic necrosis, which in Cy-treated groups (Cy, Tx + Cy) was associated with calcification. Surviving Cy-treated birds had acute tenosynovitis characterised grossly by large amounts of serous exudate in leg tendon sheaths, and microscopically by a massive heterophilic but only mild lymphocytic infiltration of tendon sheaths. Tenosynovitis lesions in Bx birds were generally similar to those of the untreated chickens, i.e. grossly small amounts of yellowish brown gelatinous exudate and microscopically moderate chronic inflammatory changes in leg tendon sheaths. In Tx birds gross lesions were rarely seen and the microscopic lesions were often very mild.Reovirus could be recovered from cloacal swabs from untreated and Tx birds for 2 weeks, Bx birds for 3 to 4 weeks, and Cy and Tx + Cy chickens continuously throughout. Reovirus was isolated from tendon tissue of all Cy and Tx + Cy infected birds examined at 5 weeks p.i. and gross tenosynovitis lesions were seen in all birds. The virus was recovered from the tendons of only a proportion of the infected untreated, Tx and Bx groups, and overall more frequently from apparently normal birds. This was especially marked in the infected Tx group. Antibody responses as shown by gel precipitation and virus neutralisation were

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The pathogenicity of some avian reoviruses with particular reference to tenosynovitis

Cited by 43 publications

References 16 publications

Reovirus‐induced tenosynovitis in chickens the influence of age at infection

Reovirus‐induced tenosynovitis in chickens the influence of age at infection

Reovirus‐induced tenosynovitis in chickens: The effect of breed

Effects of experimental immunosuppression on reovirus‐induced tenosynovitis in light‐hybrid chickens

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