The paradox of inter‐country adoption: analysing Romania’s experience as a sending country

Dickens, Jonathan

doi:10.1111/1468-2397.00198

Cited by 31 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…The existing adoption agencies remain dependent on funds from overseas adoption. Similarly, Dickens (2002Dickens ( , 2006 has argued that 'whilst inter-country adoption may be used to secure some resources for the development of in-country services, it paradoxically undermines the effectiveness of those services for the children who are left behind' (Dickens 2002: 76). The effect of the virtual cessation of intercountry adoption from Romania since new legislation in 2004 will afford an opportunity to monitor the effect on domestic adoption (Dickens 2006).…”

Section: In-country and Intercountry Adoptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in intercountry adoption: Analysis of data from 20 receiving countries, 1998–2004

Selman

2006

Journal of Population Research

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The implications of developments in intercountry adoption worldwide in the early years of the twenty-first century are explored, based on analysis of data from 20 receiving countries. Between 1998 and 2004, intercountry adoption increased by 42 per cent. Problems in data collection and analysis are examined, as is the reliability of estimates of numbers of children sent by countries of origin when derived from data provided by receiving countries. Also considered are various measures of standardization which can be used to facilitate comparison between countries and show trends over time. The potential for more detailed comparative analysis is explored.

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Section: In-country and Intercountry Adoptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in intercountry adoption: Analysis of data from 20 receiving countries, 1998–2004

Selman

2006

Journal of Population Research

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“…For instance, adoption agencies set up a database of children fit for international adoption whereby children would have 'price tags' with sums ranging from $6,000-$30,000 (Jacoby et al, 2009: 124) based on their age, health and physical features (Post, 2007). Furthermore, corrupt staff in orphanages and the lack of post-adoption monitoring provided opportunities for illicit adoptions (Dickens, 2002) and the emergence of baby trade (Jacoby et al, 2009: 117). Adoption facilitators had resorted to procuring children directly from biological families, usually in exchange for money (Roby and Ilfe, 2009: 663), and hence 'paper orphans' were manufactured (Graff, 2008: 63) as these children were neither orphans nor abandoned by their parents.…”

Section: N T E R N a T I O N A L A D O P T I O N S I N R O M A N I mentioning

confidence: 99%

The EU and International Adoption from Romania

Iusmen

2013

International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family

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The European Union (EU) has applied an anti-inter-country adoption (ICA) policy in Romania as part of EU accession conditionality, while after 2007 the EU promoted a pro-ICA approach. Romania had to overhaul its child protection system and ban ICA before it could become an EU member, while its current legislation maintains the ban on ICA. However, since 2007 the EU has been demanding that Romanian authorities resume ICA from Romania. This article examines the factors and processes which shaped the EU's 'chameleonic' policy on ICA in relation to Romania. The child protection system in Romania still faces significant shortcomings. However, it is shown that the EU's embrace of a pro-ICA policy after 2007 does not constitute a response to the problems faced by child protection in Romania. On the contrary, the EU's plea for the liberalization of ICA from Romania is the outcome of a combination of endogenous factors, such as the EU's own embrace of a children's rights policy and its biased interpretation of key international instruments on ICA and child rights, and exogenous factors, such as adoption lobbies, which succeeded in getting their grievances onto the agenda of EU institutions. I N T R O D U C T I O NThis article examines how and why the European Union (EU)'s position on the provision of international adoption from Romania radically shifted after 2007. It will be shown that the EU's policy position regarding inter-country adoption (ICA) in Romania changed from a staunch ICA critic during the enlargement process to a supporter of ICA from Romania after 2007. However, what factors explain the EU's 'chameleonic' policy on international adoption from Romania? By drawing on the empirical case of EU intervention in the issue of international adoption in Romania before and after 2007, it will be demonstrated that both exogenous and endogenous factors shaped the EU's radical shift from an anti-ICA stance to an ICA advocate after 2007. As part of EU accession conditionality, the EU demanded that

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“…An example is getting a job with one of the ICA agencies. Dickens (2002) shows how jobs in ICA were an attractive option for many Romanian social workers in the 1990s: the pay was better than in the local authority services, the facilities and working conditions tended to be better and there was the possibility of foreign travel. It is a reasonable choice for each of the individuals concerned, but the wider result is the weakening of domestic services.…”

Section: Sending Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social policy approaches to intercountry adoption

Dickens

2009

International Social Work

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English This article proposes a social policy framework for thinking about inter country adoption, drawing on theories of welfare regimes and globalization. The model highlights the tensions and ambiguities of its policy contexts and consequences. It also shows the possibilities for a radical approach, discussing Romania’s ban on intercountry adoption as an example. French Cet article propose d’utiliser le cadre des politiques sociales pour considérer l’adoption internationale, en s’inspirant des théories des régimes de ‘ welfare’ (sécurité sociale) et de la mondialisation. Le modèle met en évidence les tensions et les ambiguïtés des contextes de ces politiques et leurs conséquences. Il montre aussi les possibilités d’émergence d’une radicalisation de l’approche, en prenant en exemple l’interdiction de la Roumanie pour l’adoption internationale. Spanish Este artículo propone un marco de acción de política social para reflexionar en torno a la adopción entre países, con base en las teorías de los regímenes de bienestar en la globalización. El modelo subraya las tensiones y ambigüedades de los contextos de política y sus consecuencias. Asimismo muestra las pos ibilidades para un acercamiento radical, mediante la discusión de la prohibición Rumana de la adopción entre países, como ejemplo.

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The paradox of inter‐country adoption: analysing Romania’s experience as a sending country

Cited by 31 publications

References 12 publications

Trends in intercountry adoption: Analysis of data from 20 receiving countries, 1998–2004

Trends in intercountry adoption: Analysis of data from 20 receiving countries, 1998–2004

The EU and International Adoption from Romania

Social policy approaches to intercountry adoption

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