The Paradigm Concept and Sociology: A Critical Review

Evaluation of the evolution of green management with a Kuhnian perspective

“…More restrictively, ''exemplar'' refers to the ''concrete problem solutions that students encounter from the start of their scientific education, whether in laboratories, or examinations, or at the ends of chapters in science text'' (Kuhn 1970). Exemplar is the crucial and most central meaning of paradigm for Kuhn, and he continued to use the ''paradigm'' concept in his later studies in a narrower sense of ''exemplar'' (Kuhn 1974;Eckberg and Hill 1979;Barnes 1982;Hoyningen-Huene 1993:142).…”

“…Moreover, paradigms (or exemplars) provide a way for scientists to see the subject matter on a concrete level and allow normal science to advance (Eckberg and Hill 1979). Therefore, paradigms govern the normal science by defining problems, solutions, criteria of judgements, and providing instruments, techniques, and examples.…”

Qualitative Research: A Defense of Traditions

“…While numerous scholars have sought to understand social sciences in terms of paradigms, these efforts have met with difficulty (Eckberg & Hill, 1980). Indeed, Kuhn himself did not see his notion of paradigm applying to social sciences (1970).…”

“…Because the social sciences provide no exemplars comparable to those in the natural sciences, there are multiple ways of distinguishing paradigms in the sense of disciplinary matrices. For example, studies in sociology have identified from two to eight paradigms within the discipline (Eckberg & Hill, 1980).…”

Defining housing reality: Ideological hegemony and power in housing research

“…A key concept developed at this time was that the world is socially constructed out of interpersonal interaction (see Berger and Luckman, 1966). At about the same time, the work of Kuhn (1962) (Clignet, 1979;Eckberg and Hill, 1979;Ritzer, 1975).…”