The Painful Shoulder During the Butterfly Stroke An Electromyographic and Cinematographic Analysis of Twelve Muscles

Pink, Marilyn; Jobe, Frank W.; Perry, Jacquelin; Browne, Anthony; Scovazzo, Mary Lynn; Kerrigan, John

doi:10.1097/00003086-199303000-00008

Cited by 32 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…En este sentido, en nadadores con dolor de hombro y signos clínicos de síndrome subacromial, se han documentado variaciones del reclutamiento muscular y de la técnica de nado 22,23 , lo que podría implicar posiciones potencialmente lesivas 10,11 .…”

Section: Dolor Con Relación a Factores Antropométricos Y Deportivosunclassified

Prevalencia del dolor de hombro en nadadores de competición: estudio piloto / Shoulder Pain Prevalence in Competitive Swimmers: A Pilot Study

Bailón-Cerezo¹,

Torres-Lacomba²,

Gutiérrez-Ortega³

2016

rimcafd

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Section: Dolor Con Relación a Factores Antropométricos Y Deportivosunclassified

Prevalencia del dolor de hombro en nadadores de competición: estudio piloto / Shoulder Pain Prevalence in Competitive Swimmers: A Pilot Study

Bailón-Cerezo¹,

Torres-Lacomba²,

Gutiérrez-Ortega³

2016

rimcafd

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“…Most successful competitive swimmers in the United States practice several hours a day, 5-7 d·wk Ϫ1 for 10 or 11 months each year (13). Innumerable repetitions over many years of hard training, together with an increased muscular imbalance around the shoulder girdle, seem to be the main etiological factors in the development of overuse syndrome; often referred to as swimmer's shoulder (13,27,32). More specifically, impingement syndrome (1,31), as originally described by Neer (22), is common among swimmers.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This is of concern to the competitive swimmer because of the crucial role the scapula plays in providing a stable base for the glenohumeral joint during swimming (28). Several studies have demonstrated altered EMG activity of the scapulothoracic muscles in swimmers with shoulder pain (26,27,32). However, to our knowledge, the only studies of scapular kinematics in swimmers have been performed in individuals without any type of shoulder pathology (5,36).…”

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confidence: 99%

Scapular Rotation in Swimmers with and without Impingement Syndrome: Practice Effects

Johnson²,

Gracely³

et al. 2004

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

138

135

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. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a normal swim practice on the scapular kinematics of swimmers with impingement syndrome and healthy swimmers. Methods: Twenty swimmers with no known shoulder pathology and 20 swimmers with shoulder impingement syndrome participated in this study. Shoulder strength measurements were made with a hand-held dynamometer. Static scapular upward rotation was measured with an inclinometer with the arm at rest, and at 45, 90, and 135°of humeral elevation. Measurements were made pre-and postswim training. Results: There were no differences in baseline measurements of kinematics between the two groups. After swimming, both groups experienced muscle fatigue as indicated by a significant reduction in force generation. Although swimming practice resulted in no significant differences in scapular kinematics for the healthy swimmers, there were significant decreases in scapular upward rotation in subjects with shoulder impingement. Conclusions: Abnormal scapular kinematics in swimmers with impingement syndrome may only be observed after an intense swim practice. The examination of swimmers immediately after swimming may provide more information regarding impingement syndrome than a typical clinical exam.

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“…We included only individuals who presented no shoulder pain to minimize any pain symptoms that might induce bias in the EMG activity of the muscles [21]. Previous EMG investigations found no significant difference in the time and order of recruitment of the shoulder muscles between individuals with AGI with no pain symptoms and their healthy counterparts [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscular activation patterns in swimmers with asymptomatic shoulder joint instability

Santos¹,

Soldado²,

Marconi³

et al. 2018

Hum Mov.

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Purpose. The aim of this study was to investigate the (electromyographic) EMG patterns of the shoulder muscles in asymptomatic swimmers with AGI -atraumatic glenohumeral instability. AGI, one of the most common shoulder disorders in athletes who perform overhead activities, occurs especially among swimmers. AGI usually provokes shoulder pain and secondary impingement syndrome, which might alter glenohumeral and scapular kinematics and change the activity of the shoulder muscles. Alternatively, pain or functional activities might affect EMG patterns in individuals with AGI. Methods. Eight swimmers with AGI and eight healthy swimmers took part in this cross-sectional study. Bilateral and simultaneous shoulder elevations in the scapular plane toward three different target distances were investigated, and the shoulder kinematics and EMG activities of the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic muscles were also collected. Results. No differences in the EMG patterns were found between swimmers with and without AGI in terms of the rate of EMG rise and magnitude. Conclusions. Shoulder instability does not necessarily affect the modulation of the shoulder muscles in swimmers with AGI. Others factors such as laxity in the capsular structures and ligaments may be one of the primary reasons for pain and instability in these athletes.

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The Painful Shoulder During the Butterfly Stroke An Electromyographic and Cinematographic Analysis of Twelve Muscles

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalencia del dolor de hombro en nadadores de competición: estudio piloto / Shoulder Pain Prevalence in Competitive Swimmers: A Pilot Study

Prevalencia del dolor de hombro en nadadores de competición: estudio piloto / Shoulder Pain Prevalence in Competitive Swimmers: A Pilot Study

Scapular Rotation in Swimmers with and without Impingement Syndrome: Practice Effects

Muscular activation patterns in swimmers with asymptomatic shoulder joint instability

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