The oxidation of soot: a review of experiments, mechanisms and models

Stanmore, B. R.; Brilhac, Jean-François; Gilot, P.

doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(01)00109-9

Cited by 754 publications

(525 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…This indicates that the loss of the mutual contact between the catalyst surface and the soot particles upon passing from tight to loose contact can be to a large extent compensated in the presence of NO. It may be accounted for by the crucial role of surface mobility of oxygen species in soot oxidation [3,7].…”

Section: Catalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong Enhancement of deSoot Activity of Transition Metal Oxides by Alkali Doping: Additive Effects of Potassium and Nitric Oxide

et al. 2016

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A series of potassium-promoted spinels (Mn, Fe, Co) were prepared with various K ? promoter locations: on the surface (surface promotion) or in the bulk (formation of new layered and tunneled nanostructures via solid state reaction). All prepared samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence and N 2 -BET specific surface area analysis. Catalytic activity in soot combustion in different reaction conditions was investigated (tight contact, loose contact, loose contact with NO addition). It was shown that in all cases the nanostructuration is more effective than the surface promotion, with the layered structures of KCo 4 O 8 , KMn 4 O 8 being the most catalytically active phases, lowering the soot combustion down to 250°C. The difference in activity between tight and loose contacts can be bridged in the presence of NO due to its transformation into NO 2 , which acts as the oxygen carrier from the catalyst surface into soot particles, eliminating the soot-catalyst contact difference.

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Section: Catalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong Enhancement of deSoot Activity of Transition Metal Oxides by Alkali Doping: Additive Effects of Potassium and Nitric Oxide

et al. 2016

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“…intercalation in glass [27] or substitution of other metals [28]. The temperature of diesel exhaust systems varies from 250 to 400°C, but during the regeneration step it reaches up to 700°C [29,30] and, in that temperature, the aforementioned processes take place.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Efficiently Promote Transition Metal Oxides by Alkali Towards Catalytic Soot Oxidation

et al. 2016

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The effect of surface and bulk potassium promotion on the transition metal oxides (Mn, Fe, Co) catalytic activity in catalytic soot oxidation was investigated. The surface promotion was obtained via incipient wetness impregnation, whereas the bulk promotion-nanostructuration-was obtained via wet chemical synthesis or solid state reaction leading to mixed oxide materials. The introduction of potassium into the transition metal oxide matrix results in the formation of tunneled or layered structures, which enable high potassium mobility. The structure of the obtained materials was verified by powder X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy and the catalytic activity in soot oxidation was determined by TPO-QMS and TGA. It was found that the surface promotion does not alter the metal oxide structure and leads to either enhancement (Mn, Fe) or deterioration (Co) of the catalytic activity. Simultaneously, the catalytic activity in soot combustion of the potassium structured oxides is strongly enhanced. The most active, cobalt oxide based catalyst significantly lowers the temperature of 50 % of soot conversion by *350°C comparing to the non-catalyzed process. The study allows for the establishment of rational guidelines for designing robust materials for DPF applications based on ternary metal oxides.

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“…The large volume diesel engine market and its ever increasing demand in the heavy-duty engine sector, which emits large amounts of soot particulate matter, are of the concern and aftertreatment devices such as particulate traps are necessary [3][4][5][6][7]. Un-catalysed soot (carbon particles) oxidation to CO 2 with a typical diesel engine exhaust gas (having H 2 O, NO x , hydrocarbons (HC), CO and SO 2 ) occurs generally around 600°C [3][4][5][6][7]. When the diesel engine is fitted with an un-catalysed trap frequently high temperature regenerations are required, which can be uncontrolled, inefficient, and inconvenient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To overcome the contact problem catalysts, that work on different principles, have been developed [3][4][5][6][7][8]. The use of the fuel-borne catalysts incorporates a catalyst within the soot particle and increases the number of contact points and, therefore, decreases soot oxidation temperature significantly, from 600 to 350°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential rare-earth modified CeO2 catalysts for soot oxidation

et al. 2007

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The physico-chemical properties of ceria (CeO 2 ) and rare earth modified ceria (with La, Pr, Sm, Y) catalysts are studied and correlated with the soot oxidation activity with using O 2 and O 2 +NO. CeO 2 modified with La and Pr shows superior soot oxidation activity with O 2 compared with the unmodified catalyst. The improved soot oxidation activity of rare earth doped CeO 2 catalysts can be correlated to the increased meso/micro pore volume and the stabilisation of the external surface area. On the other hand, unreducible ions decrease the intrinsic soot oxidation activity of rare earth modified ceria with both O 2 and NO+O 2 due to the decreased amount of redox surface sites. The catalyst bulk oxygen storage capacity is not a critical parameter in determining the soot oxidation activity. The modification with Pr shows the best soot oxidation with both O 2 and O 2 +NO compared with all other catalysts.

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The oxidation of soot: a review of experiments, mechanisms and models

Cited by 754 publications

References 70 publications

Strong Enhancement of deSoot Activity of Transition Metal Oxides by Alkali Doping: Additive Effects of Potassium and Nitric Oxide

Strong Enhancement of deSoot Activity of Transition Metal Oxides by Alkali Doping: Additive Effects of Potassium and Nitric Oxide

How to Efficiently Promote Transition Metal Oxides by Alkali Towards Catalytic Soot Oxidation

Potential rare-earth modified CeO2 catalysts for soot oxidation

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