The outbreaks and prevalence of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella in poultry in the United States: An overview

Punchihewage-Don, Anuradha J.; Hawkins, Jabari; Adnan, Adib M.; Hashem, Fawzy; Parveen, Salina

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11571

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…It is a very common foodborne illness around the world. In the United States, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that salmonellosis affects about 1.2 million people and causes 450 deaths yearly [ 26 ].…”

Section: Effect Of Salmonellosis On Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Eugenol in Poultry to Control Salmonella Colonization and Spread

Aljuwayd

Malli

Kwon

2023

Veterinary Sciences

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The poultry sector is an essential component of agriculture that has experienced unprecedented growth during the last few decades. It is especially true for the United States, where the average intake of chicken meat increased from 10 pounds (4.5 kg) per person in 1940 to 65.2 pounds (29.6 kg) per person in 2018, while the country produced 113 billion eggs in 2019 alone. Besides providing nutrition and contributing significantly to the economy, chicken is also a natural reservoir of Salmonella, which is responsible for salmonellosis in humans, one of the significant foodborne illnesses around the globe. The increasing use of chicken manure and antibiotics increases the spread of Salmonella and selects for multi-drug resistant strains. Various plant extracts, primarily essential oils, have been investigated for their antimicrobial activities. The multiple ways through which these plant-derived compounds exert their antimicrobial effects make the development of resistance against them unlikely. Eugenol, an aromatic oil primarily found in clove and cinnamon, has shown antimicrobial activities against various pathogenic bacteria. A few reports have also highlighted the anti-Salmonella effects of eugenol in chicken, especially in reducing the colonization by Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium, the primary Salmonella species responsible for human salmonellosis. Besides limiting Salmonella infection in chicken, the supplementation of eugenol also significantly improves intestinal health, improving overall well-being. In this review, we highlight the rising incidences of salmonellosis worldwide and the factors increasing its prevalence. We then propose the usage of eugenol as a natural feed supplement for containing Salmonella in chicken.

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Section: Effect Of Salmonellosis On Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Eugenol in Poultry to Control Salmonella Colonization and Spread

Aljuwayd

Malli

Kwon

2023

Veterinary Sciences

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“…Among all serovars, Salmonella Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis were the most studied serovars in broilers as they are responsible for most human cases ( Finstad et al, 2012 ; Lamas et al, 2018 , Punchihewage-Don et al, 2022 ). S .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonization, spread and persistence of Salmonella (Typhimurium, Infantis and Reading) in internal organs of broilers

Wang,

Fenster,

Vaddu

et al. 2024

Poultry Science

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“…Several poultry-related Salmonella outbreaks have been occurring every year in the United States ( Punchihewage-Don et al, 2022 ). Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella is becoming a significant concern for public health in the United States ( CDC, 2019 ; Marchello et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antimicrobials can mitigate the outcome of an infection by destroying or suppressing the growth of pathogens (bacteria, parasites, viruses, and fungi). Antibiotics are medicines that can be used to treat bacterial infections by killing the bacteria (bactericidal) or preventing their multiplication (bacteriostatic) ( Punchihewage-Don et al, 2022 ; World Health Organization [WHO], 2023 ). Patients with severe Salmonella infections are treated with fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin), third-generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxone), and macrolides (azithromycin); however, fewer antibiotics are available to treat these severe cases because of increasing AMR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella in organic and non-organic chickens on the Eastern Shore of Maryland, USA

Punchihewage-Don,

Schwarz,

Diria

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionSalmonella infections have been intensely increasing and becoming a universal public health crisis. This study investigated the prevalence of Salmonella in organic and non-organic chickens and the antimicrobial resistance profiles and virulence genes (invA, pagC, and spvC) in recovered Salmonella isolates.MethodsWhole chicken carcasses [organic (n = 240) and non-organic (n = 240)] were obtained monthly for 1 year (n = 480) from a retail store on the Eastern Shore of Maryland. Salmonella isolation and identification were conducted by following the whole carcass enrichment method recommended by USDA-FSIS. Confirmed Salmonella isolates (organic n = 76; non-organic n = 137) were serotyped and tested for antibiotic susceptibility and virulence genes using standard methods.ResultsForty-nine percent (237/480) of the carcasses were positive for Salmonella. Organic and non-organic positivity rates were 37.1 and 61.8%, respectively. A significantly higher Salmonella contamination was observed in non-organic chickens (p < 0.05). The most common serovars were Salmonella Kentucky (47%), S. Infantis (35%), S. Enteritidis (6%), S. Typhimurium (5%), and S. Blockley (4%). Isolates were frequently resistant to at least one antibiotic (91.24%) or multidrug resistant (45.54%). Resistance was observed to tetracycline (82.8%), minocycline (42.3%), nitrofurantoin (40.3%), cefazolin (38.3%), ampicillin (32.1%), and ceftriaxone (26%). All isolates were susceptible to fluoroquinolone, carbapenem, and glycylcycline. The majority of isolates (99.1%) possessed at least one of three virulence genes of concern and 4.2% tested positive for all three. Ninety-five, 89, and 6.6% of isolates contained invA, pagC, and spvC genes, respectively. The spvC gene was not detected in serovars recovered from organic chickens though 92% and 82% of isolates were positive for invA and pagC. The frequency of Salmonella recovered from non-organic chickens possessing invA, pagC, and spvC genes were 97.1, 89.8, and 10.2%, respectively. Detection of invA and pagC genes showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) between organic and non-organic chickens but a significantly higher spvC gene (p < 0.05) was detected in non-organic chickens due to the majority of S. Enteritidis (92.3%) exclusively recovered from non-organic chicken carried spvC gene.DiscussionThis study reveals a high prevalence of Salmonella in both organic and non-organic chickens, which exhibit resistance to vital antibiotics and carry virulence genes, thereby creating a potential risk of salmonellosis.

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The outbreaks and prevalence of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella in poultry in the United States: An overview

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Application of Eugenol in Poultry to Control Salmonella Colonization and Spread

Application of Eugenol in Poultry to Control Salmonella Colonization and Spread

Colonization, spread and persistence of Salmonella (Typhimurium, Infantis and Reading) in internal organs of broilers

Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella in organic and non-organic chickens on the Eastern Shore of Maryland, USA

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