The Orthopantomogram®, an aid in diagnosis of temporomandibular joint problems.

Abstract

Vertical measurements of the Orthopantomograms of 152 patients were made for condylar and rami heights. The symmetry between the right (R) and the left (L) side was calculated with the formula: [(R-L)/(R + L)]. A statistically significant difference between the patients of a routine dental group and the patients treated for craniomandibular disorders was found regarding condylar height symmetry.

Mandibular Asymmetry in Class II Subdivision Malocclusion

“…20 The use of panoramic radiographs to evaluate side-to-side differences is questionable, but a number of studies have been made that supported the use of the panoramic technique. 9,10,21 These reports suggested that acceptable results can be achieved with panoramic radiographs which are noninvasive, have a favorable cost-benefit relationship, and expose subjects to relatively low doses of radiation. 22 Studies [23][24] have shown the posteroanterior cephalometric (PA) film to have some limitations of methodology and reliability.…”

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Bilateral views of the mandible can be obtained with OPG, and vertical measurements can be achieved. 20 The use of panoramic radiographs to evaluate side-to-side differences is questionable, but a number of studies have been made that supported the use of the panoramic technique.…”

“…This method has been used to calculate the condylar and ramal heights for comparing the right and left sides of the mandible for asymmetries in temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients, Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions, bilateral posterior crossbites, and different skeletal patterns. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] A review of the literature revealed no studies that measured the condylar and ramal asymmetry of Class II subdivision patients and compared it with that of normal subjects using the method described by Habets et al 9 Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the condylar and ramal mandibular asymmetry in a group of patients with Class II subdivision malocclusion and compare these data with similar measurements from a sample with normal occlusion. The intent is to identify possible gender differences between male and female subjects.…”

Prevalence of Vertical Condilar Asymmetry of the Temporomandibular Joint in Patients with Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders

“…ACV se determina al comparar la altura condilar vertical entre el cóndilo derecho e izquierdo. Se han desarrollado diversas técnicas para evaluar esta asimetría, las más conocidas son las desarrolladas por Kjellberg et al (1994) y Habets et al (1988). El Objetivo de éste estudio fue evaluar la similitud de la técnica de Habets con la técnica de Kjellberg en cuanto a los resultados y analizar éstos resultados de ACV de la articulación temporomandibular en pacientes con signos y síntomas de un trastorno temporomandibular.…”

“…VCA is determined by comparing the vertical condylar height between the left and right condyle. Several techniques have been developed to evaluate this asymmetry, and the most common among them are developed by Kjellberg et al (1994) and Habets et al (1988). The objective of this study was to evaluate the similarity of the Habets' and Kjellberg's methods with regard to these results and analyze the VCA results of the temporomandibular joint in patients with signs and symptoms of TMD.…”