The origin of variations in the isotopic record of scleractinian corals: I. Oxygen

Leder, J. J.; Swart, Peter K.; Szmant, Alina M.; Dodge, Richard E.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(96)00118-4

Cited by 173 publications

(209 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

186

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The d 18 O curve on yearly average miss the IOD events and sometimes may show the mixed-up signals related to Pacific and Indian Oceans variabilities. Our sampling is at monthly interval, and a higher resolution sampling would likely increase the amplitude of the d 18 O signal with a better confidence in monthly scale [Leder et al, 1996]. Within the limit of this sampling resolution, however, our results suggest that the d 18 O values above the density boundary corresponding to January provide the best proxy for the magnitudes of the short rains in the previous years, and thus for the IOD.…”

Section: Coral Iod Indexmentioning

confidence: 81%

Indian Ocean Dipole index recorded in Kenyan coral annual density bands

Iijima

Nakamura

McClanahan³

et al. 2006

Geophysical Research Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), which governs climate variability not only over the Indian Ocean but also globally, produces precipitation anomalies in the East African short rain period from October to November. These precipitation anomalies were recorded in annual bands from a coral core obtained in the Malindi Marine Park, Kenya. A signature of the IOD in precipitation was detected in the coral core by luminescence intensity under UV light and by oxygen isotope values dated to January, a few months after the short rain period. Anomalies of the oxygen isotope values correlated well with high and low precipitation, which were related to positive and negative IOD indices, respectively. This study suggests that the coral annual band record is effective for reconstructing IOD events and should be able to reconstruct the IOD record prior to instrumental observations.

show abstract

Section: Coral Iod Indexmentioning

confidence: 81%

Indian Ocean Dipole index recorded in Kenyan coral annual density bands

Iijima

Nakamura

McClanahan³

et al. 2006

Geophysical Research Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For sampling of the corallite wall, all endothecal skeletal elements such as septae, columella and endothecal dissepiments were removed prior to sampling using a handheld microdrill. For technical reasons, we sampled the inner surface of the corallite wall instead of its external side (en-dothecate sampling method of Leder et al, 1996). Sampling the cleaned inner surface of the corallite wall assured all potentially existent secondary overgrowths (early or late diagenetic cements) were removed prior to sampling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The seasonal difference in δ 18 O values is given as Delta -delta values ( δ 18 O). For calculations of paleotemperatures, we followed the methodology described by Leder et al (1996). SMOW to PDB conversions were made according to the relationships given by Friedman and O'Neil (1977).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taken together, all cements and possible dissolution features are never volumetrically important as to visibly blur the density bands documented in x-radiographs (see below). For this reason, (Leder et al, 1991(Leder et al, , 1996Smith, 2006;Swart et al, 1996). we consider the skeletons to be in a mode of preservation suitable for measurements of stable isotope proxies and calcification rates.…”

Section: Macroscopic and Microscopic Aspect Of The Coral Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Upwellings mitigated Plio-Pleistocene heat stress for reef corals on the Florida platform (USA)

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The fast growing calcareous skeletons of zooxanthellate reef corals (z corals) represent unique environmental proxy archives through their oxygen and carbon stable isotope composition (δ 18 O, δ 13 C). In addition, the accretion of the skeleton itself is ultimately linked to the environment and responds with variable growth rates (extension rate) and density to environmental changes. Here we present classical proxy data (δ 18 O, δ 13 C) in combination with calcification records from 15 massive z corals. The z corals were sampled from four interglacial units of the Florida carbonate platform (USA) dated approximately 3.2, 2.9, 1.8 and 1.2 Ma (middle Pliocene to early Pleistocene). The z corals (Solenastrea, Orbicella, Porites) derive from unlithified shallow marine carbonates and were carefully screened for primary preservation suited for proxy analysis. We show that skeletal accretion responded with decreasing overall calcification rates (decreasing extension rate but increasing density) to warmer water temperatures. Under high annual water temperatures, inferred from sub-annually resolved δ 18 O data, skeletal bulk density was high, but extension rates and overall calcification rates were at a minimum (endmember scenario 1). Maximum skeletal density was reached during the summer season giving rise to a growth band of high density within the annually banded skeletons ("high density band", HDB). With low mean annual water temperatures (endmember scenario 2), bulk skeletal density was low but extension rates and calcification rates reached a maximum, and under these conditions the HDB formed during winter. Although surface water temperatures in the Western Atlantic warm pool during the interglacials of the late Neogene were ∼ 2 • C higher than they are in the present day, intermittent upwelling of cool, nutrient-rich water mitigated water temperatures off southwestern Florida and created temporary refuges for z coral growth. Based on the sub-annually resolved δ 18 O and δ 13 C records, the duration of the upwelling episodes causing the endmember 2 conditions was variable and lasted from a few years to a number of decades. The episodes of upwelling were interrupted by phases without upwelling (endmember 1) which lasted for at least a few years and led to high surface water temperatures. This variable environment is likely one of the reasons why the coral fauna is dominated by the eurytopic genus Solenastrea, also a genus resistant to high turbidity. Over a period of ∼ 50 years, the oldest sub annually resolved proxy record available (3.2 Ma) documents a persistent occurrence of the HDB during winter. In contrast, the HDB forms in summer in modern z corals from the Florida reef tract. We suggest this difference should be tested as being the expression of a tendency towards decreasing interglacial upwelling since the middle Pliocene. The number of z coral sclerochronological records for the Plio-Pleistocene is still rather low, however, and requires more data and an improved resolution, through records from...

show abstract

“…In oceanic settings where the oxygen isotopic composition of seawater is constant, coral skeletal O records SST variability, usually according to the standard paleotemperature relationship for carbonates (Epstein et al, 1953). The isotopic composition is o!set by a biological non-equilibrium component that appears to be stable through time, as long as a consistent, maximum growth axis is sampled within a coral colony (Weber and Woodhead, 1972;Dunbar and Wellington, 1981; Winter et al, 1991;Shen et al, 1992;Gagan et al, 1994;Leder et al, 1996;Swart et al, 1996;Wellington et al, 1996;Cohen and Hart, 1997). When seawater O varies in response to changes in the balance between precipitation, evaporation, and water advection, the coral O changes accordingly (Swart and Coleman, 1980;Dunbar and Wellington, 1981;Cole et al, 1993;Gagan et al, 1994;Linsley et al, 1994).…”

Section: Tropical Climate Over the Past Several Centuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New views of tropical paleoclimates from corals

Gagan

Ayliffe

Beck

et al. 2000

Quaternary Science Reviews

453

287

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Corals o!er a rich archive of past climate variability in tropical ocean regions where instrumental data are limited and where our knowledge of multi-decadal climate sensitivity is incomplete. In the eastern equatorial Paci"c, coral isotopic records track variations in ENSO-related changes in sea-surface temperature; further west, corals record variability in sea-surface temperature and rainfall that accompanies zonal displacement of the Indonesian Low during ENSO events. These multi-century records reveal previously unrecognised ENSO variability on time scales of decades to centuries. Outside the ENSO-sensitive equatorial Paci"c, long-term trends towards recent warmer/wetter conditions suggest the tropics respond to global forcings. New coral paleothermometers indicate that surface-ocean temperatures in the tropical southwestern Paci"c were depressed by 4}63C during the Younger Dryas climatic event and rose episodically during the next 4000 yr. High temporal-resolution measurements of Sr/Ca and O in corals provide information about the surface-ocean hydrologic balance and can resolve the seasonal balance between precipitation and evaporation. Radiocarbon measurements in corals, coupled with ocean circulation models, may be used to reconstruct near-surface ocean circulation, past mixing rates, and the distribution of fossil fuel CO in the upper ocean. Most recently, seasonal to interannual variations in the radiocarbon of corals from the equatorial Paci"c have been linked to the redistribution of surface waters associated with the ENSO.

show abstract

The origin of variations in the isotopic record of scleractinian corals: I. Oxygen

Cited by 173 publications

References 31 publications

Indian Ocean Dipole index recorded in Kenyan coral annual density bands

Indian Ocean Dipole index recorded in Kenyan coral annual density bands

Upwellings mitigated Plio-Pleistocene heat stress for reef corals on the Florida platform (USA)

New views of tropical paleoclimates from corals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About