The Origin of the Magnetism of Etched Silicon

Grace, Patrick J.; Venkatesan, M.; Alaria, Jonathan; Coey, J. M. D.; Kopnov, G.; Naaman, Ron

doi:10.1002/adma.200801098

Cited by 52 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Similar behaviour is found in other iron particles. For instance, carbonyl iron with a 6 -8 μm particle size follows the same law, with c = 2.1, provided the particles are well-separated by dispersing them in icing sugar to minimize dipole-dipole interactions [17]. Iron particles smaller than 200 nm dispersed in graphite behave similarly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

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Vortex states in soft magnets in two and three dimensions

Diao¹,

Abid²,

Upadhyaya³

et al. 2010

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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The magnetization curves of arrays of near-spherical soft ferromagnetic particles are compared with those of quasi-two-dimensional dots with similar radius prepared by a rapid e-beam lithographic technique. Curves for the three-dimensional particles are anhysteretic and fit a M(H)/M s = tanh(cμ 0 H) law, whereas the two-dimensional arrays show irreversible segments in the first and third quadrants where the planar vortex state transforms to a collinear state by discontinuous rotation of magnetization about an axis perpendicular to the vortex axis. The additional symmetry of the spherical particle allows this rotation to occur continuously, without energy barriers due to the demagnetizing field.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Arrays of well-separated quasi-spherical iron particles on silicon were produced by a method involving etching silicon in hot KOH, described in [17]. The average particle diameter is of order 200 nm, and the average spacing is about 3 μm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vortex states in soft magnets in two and three dimensions

Diao¹,

Abid²,

Upadhyaya³

et al. 2010

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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show abstract

“…The common method of characterization of gold nanoparticles is superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometry, which while very sensitive, is a nonspecific tool which cannot discriminate against parasitic secondary magnetic phases and measurement artifacts. It is thus easy to misinterpret the origin of magnetism in a given sample [72][73][74][75]. Of particular concern are impurities of iron and its oxides, which form magnetic materials.…”

Section: Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected magnetism in gold nanostructures: making gold even more attractive

Trudel

2011

Gold Bull

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Gold nanostructures have attracted widespread attention due to their novel optical, electronic, and biocompatible properties. These make gold nanostructures (and in particular nanoparticles) very attractive for a variety of applications, including catalysis, therapeutics, diagnostics, sensing, and nanoelectronics. In this topical review, the newly discovered magnetic properties of gold nanostructures are highlighted. This unexpected magnetism in gold nanoparticles is a result of (1) the predominant effect of surfaces at the nanoscale, (2) the electronic modification to gold from strongly capping molecules, and (3) the strong spin-orbit coupling of gold. This review discusses the salient experimental results, a theoretical model, and closes by highlighting possible industrial applications of magnetic gold nanostructures.

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“…This issue has become of a great importance when many laboratories started to investigate materials deposited on substrates made from some of hardest substances like sapphire or SiC which are very likely to abrade the softer material of the tools they are handled by. But even Si requires a great deal of care because of its strong tendency to bind iron or nickel [12,43], or to absorb on its surface submicron Fe-rich particles during etching from even a high grade KOH [44]. Here we consider the case of a sapphire substrate and in Fig.…”

Section: Artifacts Due To Improper Sample Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive SQUID magnetometry for studying nanomagnetism

Sawicki

Stefanowicz

Ney

2011

Semicond. Sci. Technol.

179

152

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The superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer is one of the most sensitive experimental techniques to magnetically characterize samples with high sensitivity. Here we present a detailed discussion of possible artifacts and pitfalls characteristic for commercial SQUID magnetometers. This includes intrinsic artifacts which stem from the inherent design of the magnetometer as well as potential issues due to the user. We provide some guidelines how to avoid and correct these, which is of particular importance when the proper magnetization of nano-scale objects shall be established in cases where its response is dwarfed by that of the substrate it comes with, a situation frequently found in the field of nano-magnetism.

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The Origin of the Magnetism of Etched Silicon

Cited by 52 publications

References 11 publications

Vortex states in soft magnets in two and three dimensions

Vortex states in soft magnets in two and three dimensions

Unexpected magnetism in gold nanostructures: making gold even more attractive

Sensitive SQUID magnetometry for studying nanomagnetism

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