The origin of the early differentiation of Ivies (Hedera L.) and the radiation of the Asian Palmate group (Araliaceae)

Valcárcel, Virginia; Fiz-Palacios, Omar; Wen, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.10.016

Cited by 26 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Therefore, all the generic-lineages of the Asian Palmate group have been included, as well as the putative sister-group of the Asian Palmate group (the Aralia - Panax group). The phylogenetic-based analyses (biogeographic, diversification and divergence age analyses) used the nr ITS region because: (1) there is a large number of available sequences of Araliaceae, (2) it is more variable than the fastest evolving plastid regions and provides more resolved tree topologies, (3) it better complements the evolutionary history of the genus where nuclear and plastid incongruence has been previously reported due to hybridization [15, 25], and (4) main diagnostic characters in the taxonomy of Hedera come from foliar trichomes and trichomes are genetically controlled by nuclear genes [28, 29]. In any case, all the analyses were also done with the plastid dataset used for the phylogeographic study (see below) but not included in the study because the lack of branch support may have resulted in inaccurate interpretations of the biogeographic, divergence age and diversification results.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Harmsiopanax ingens was used as the outgroup. All the 90 nr ITS sequences were obtained from previous studies [6, 15, 25, 26] and downloaded from GenBank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, Additional file 1). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples were selected to represent the whole geographic range of each species with an emphasis on the areas considered as Tertiary refugia both in the Mediterranean [30] and in China [31]. To investigate the geographic origin of Hedera , Kalopanax septemlobus was included as the outgroup (Additional file 2) [25]. Additionally, to evaluate the potential impact of the uncertainty on the sister group of Hedera [25], six other Asian Palmate genera were also included (Additional file 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different phylogenetic studies have described a very complex evolutionary history for this genus [4, 6, 13–16, 25]. The origin of the Hedera clade has been estimated in the Oligocene in Asia during the deep radiation of the Asian Palmate group of the Araliaceae [25, 26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The origin of the Hedera clade has been estimated in the Oligocene in Asia during the deep radiation of the Asian Palmate group of the Araliaceae [25, 26]. In previous phylogeographic studies conducted within Hedera , Asia was also suggested as the ancestral area of the extant species of ivies [16, 25]. It has been hypothesized that extinctions in Asia together with Mediterranean colonization and diversification have led to the present distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic and paleobotanical evidence for late Miocene diversification of the Tertiary subtropical lineage of ivies (Hedera L., Araliaceae)

et al. 2017

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Background Hedera (ivies) is one of the few temperate genera of the primarily tropical Asian Palmate group of the Araliaceae, which extends its range out of Asia to Europe and the Mediterranean basin. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic results suggested Asia as the center of origin and the western Mediterranean region as one of the secondary centers of diversification. The bird-dispersed fleshy fruits of ivies suggest frequent dispersal over long distances (e.g. Macaronesian archipelagos), although reducing the impact of geographic barriers to gene flow in mainland species. Genetic isolation associated with geographic barriers and independent polyploidization events have been postulated as the main driving forces of diversification. In this study we aim to evaluate past and present diversification patterns in Hedera within a geographic and temporal framework to clarify the biogeographic history of the genus.ResultsPhylogenetic (biogeographic, time divergence and diversification) and phylogeographic (coalescence) analyses using four DNA regions (nrITS, trnH-psbA, trnT-trnL, rpl32) revealed a complex spatial pattern of lineage divergence. Scarce geographic limitation to gene flow and limited diversification are observed during the early-mid Miocene, followed by a diversification rate increase related to geographic divergence from the Tortonian/Messinian. Genetic and palaeobotanical evidence points the origin of the Hedera clade in Asia, followed by a gradual E-W Asian extinction and the progressive E-W Mediterranean colonization. The temporal framework for the E Asia - W Mediterranean westward colonization herein reported is congruent with the fossil record. Subsequent range expansion in Europe and back colonization to Asia is also inferred. Uneven diversification among geographic areas occurred from the Tortonian/Messinian onwards with limited diversification in the newly colonized European and Asian regions. Eastern and western Mediterranean regions acted as refugia for Miocene and post-Miocene lineages, with a similar role as consecutive centers of centrifugal dispersal (including islands) and speciation.ConclusionsThe Miocene Asian extinction and European survival of Hedera question the general pattern of Tertiary regional extinction of temperate angiosperms in Europe while they survived in Asia. The Tortonian/Messinian diversification increase of ivies in the Mediterranean challenges the idea that this aridity period was responsible for the extinction of the Mediterranean subtropical Tertiary flora. Differential responses of Hedera to geographic barriers throughout its evolutionary history, linked to spatial isolation related to historical geologic and climatic constraints may have shaped diversification of ivies in concert with recurrent polyploidy.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0984-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic and paleobotanical evidence for late Miocene diversification of the Tertiary subtropical lineage of ivies (Hedera L., Araliaceae)

et al. 2017

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Evaluation of tropical–temperate transitions: An example of climatic characterization in the Asian Palmate group of Araliaceae

Coca-de-la-Iglesia

Medina

Wen

et al. 2022

American J of Botany

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Premise: There has been a great increase in using climatic data in phylogenetic studies over the past decades. However, compiling the high-quality spatial data needed to perform accurate climatic reconstructions is time-consuming and can result in poor geographical coverage. Therefore, researchers often resort to qualitative approximations. Our aim was to evaluate the climatic characterization of the genera of the Asian Palmate Group (AsPG) of Araliaceae as an exemplar lineage of plants showing tropical-temperate transitions. Methods: We compiled a curated worldwide spatial database of the AsPG genera and created five raster layers representing bioclimatic regionalizations of the world. Then, we crossed the database with the layers to climatically characterize the AsPG genera. Results: We found large disagreement in the climatic characterization of genera among regionalizations and little support for the climatic nature of the tropical-temperate distribution of the AsPG. Both results are attributed to the complexity of delimiting tropical, subtropical, and temperate climates in the world and to the distribution of the study group in regions with transitional climatic conditions. Conclusions: The complexity in the climatic classification of this example of the tropical-temperate transitions calls for a general climatic revision of other tropical-temperate lineages. In fact, we argue that, to properly evaluate tropical-temperate transitions across the tree of life, we cannot ignore the complexity of distribution ranges.

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Phylogeny, biogeography, and morphological evolution among and within the Neotropical and Asian clades of Schefflera (Araliaceae)

Plunkett

Lowry

Fiaschi

et al. 2019

TAXON

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Schefflera is the largest and most complex genus of Araliaceae, with ~600 described species (and many additional species awaiting formal description), but recent studies indicate that it is polyphyletic, forming five geographically centered clades spread across the major lineages of the family. Significant progress has been made in revising the three smallest clades, but the two largest groups, centered in Asia and the Neotropics, remain poorly understood. To advance our knowledge of these groups, a taxon set of 211 Schefflera samples and 38 samples representing other genera of Araliaceae (including all genera of the “Asian Palmate clade”) was assembled, from which sequences were obtained for six DNA spacer regions, including two nuclear (ITS, ETS) and four plastid markers (rpl32‐trnL, trnF‐rpl32, trnK‐rpl16, psbA‐trnH). Results were compared to an informal system of classification based on morphology. They confirm the monophyly of both the Asian and Neotropical groups, and their inclusion within the Asian Palmate clade, but not as sister groups. In the Neotropical clade, five major subclades can be recognized, four corresponding closely to morphological groupings (Cephalopanax, Crepinella, Didymopanax, Sciodaphyllum) and one that is geographically coherent (Gleasonia). Within Asian Schefflera, there are four major subclades, corresponding closely to currently recognized informal groups (Agalma, Heptaphyllum, Heptapleurum, Hypoleucoi). Biogeographic analyses suggest that both the Asian and Neotropical groups can trace their origins to SE Asia, where Asian Schefflera is still well represented and where Chengiopanax, the possible sister group of Neotropical Schefflera, is native. Trait‐evolution analyses of a remarkable series of convergences in habit, foliar, and reproductive characters suggest multiple independent origins (and some reversals), both within and between the Neotropical and Asian clades of Schefflera.

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The origin of the early differentiation of Ivies (Hedera L.) and the radiation of the Asian Palmate group (Araliaceae)

Cited by 26 publications

References 79 publications

Phylogenetic and paleobotanical evidence for late Miocene diversification of the Tertiary subtropical lineage of ivies (Hedera L., Araliaceae)

Phylogenetic and paleobotanical evidence for late Miocene diversification of the Tertiary subtropical lineage of ivies (Hedera L., Araliaceae)

Evaluation of tropical–temperate transitions: An example of climatic characterization in the Asian Palmate group of Araliaceae

Phylogeny, biogeography, and morphological evolution among and within the Neotropical and Asian clades of Schefflera (Araliaceae)

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