The origin and accumulation of multi-phase reservoirs in the east Tabei uplift, Tarim Basin, China

Zhang, Zhiyao; Zhu, Guangyou; Zhang, Yijie; Han, Jianfa; Li, Tingting; Wang, Enze; Greenwood, Paul F.

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.08.036

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…The large-size strike-slip faults developed in the Early–Middle Caledonian, small-size strike-slip faults developed in the Late Caledonian–Early Hercynian, and volcanic faults in the Late Hercynian and other faults play important roles in the petroleum accumulation of the Halahatang area, especially the first one. 3 The Ordovician reservoirs were deposited in open platform facies, and the karst fracture-vug reservoir was developed in the Yingshan Formation and Yijianfang Formation, composed of micrite limestone and grain limestone. The reservoir in the Carboniferous is the breccia section of the Bachu Formation, which was deposited in the tidal flat–delta plain facies and was mainly composed of sandstone, siltstone, sandy conglomerate, and mudstone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 However, differences in the maturity stage of source rocks, multiple oil and gas charging, multiple postaccumulation adjustments, transformations, and even destruction have led to the complex phase diversity of fluid and petroleum genesis. 3 , 4 The lithology and pore spaces of the reservoirs also play important roles in fluid flow determination. 5 − 7 Various types of oil and gas including bitumen, super heavy oil, heavy oil, light oil, condensate oil, condensate gas, and wet/dry gas reservoirs have been discovered in the study area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluid Phase Modeling and Evolution of Complex Reservoirs in the Halahatang Depression of the Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin

2022

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The diversity of fluid phases in the oil-gas system and complexity of petroleum genesis bring difficulties to the exploration and development of oil and gas. The phase state and evolution of the complex reservoirs in the Halahatang Depression, Tabei Uplift of the Tarim Basin remains unresolved. In this paper, we simulated the phase characteristic of reservoirs in different blocks and layers including Xinken (O), Ha6 (C), Repu (K), and Yueman (O) distributed from north to south of this area using PVTsim software; rebuilt the burial, temperature, and pressure histories of different blocks and layers by using the PetroMod (1D) software; and recovered the fluid phase evolution process by combined basin modeling, PVT simulation, and fluid inclusion thermal metrics results. The phase modeling results show that the Xinken (O), Ha6 (C), and Yueman (O) reservoirs are confirmed to be oil reservoirs, and the Repu (K) reservoir is in the condensate gas phase currently. The vital time points and temperature and pressure conditions for the three oil reservoirs of Xinken (O), Ha6 (C), and Yueman (O) that transited from the gas–liquid phase to the liquid phase are 356 Ma (57.45 °C, 12.93 MPa), 331 Ma (35.67 °C, 4.03 MPa), and 454 Ma (63.63 °C, 13.27 MPa), respectively. The Ordovician reservoir in the Xinken block underwent three stages of accumulation, which occurred at 400–379 Ma (Devonian), 282–256 Ma (Permian), and 18–16 Ma (Neogene), respectively, and after final accumulation, it remained in a single oil phase state. The Ordovician reservoir in the Yueman block underwent two stages of accumulation in the 294–290 Ma (Permian) and 25–12 Ma (Paleogene–Neogene) and remained in a single oil phase state until now. The Carboniferous reservoir in the Ha6 block was deduced to be charged in the 94–86 Ma (Cretaceous) according to the published authigenic illite K–Ar isotope dating results and then stayed in a single oil phase state unalterably. As for the Cretaceous reservoir in the Repu block, the time point of 11 Ma (98.86 °C, 35.56 MPa) is vital for changing from the gas–liquid coexistence phase state to the condensate gas phase one. In contrast with the Ordovician (ZG7–5) and Cambrian reservoirs (ZS1, ZS5) in the Tazhong Uplift, the oil and condensate gas reservoirs in the Tabei Uplift enjoy a lower pressure range, lower GOR, and a heavier oil density and viscosity. This study provides a quantitative way to rebuild the geologic evolutionary process, phase characteristics, and phase evolution process in complex reservoirs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid Phase Modeling and Evolution of Complex Reservoirs in the Halahatang Depression of the Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin

2022

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“…According to the above approach, we traced the paleocaves in the well T403 area and obtained its 3D structural features. The paleocaves in this area have strong heterogeneity [60][61][62][63][64][65][66]:…”

Section: Three-dimensional Structure Of Paleokarst Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Geophysical Characterization of Deeply Buried Paleokarst System in the Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin, China

Tian

Wang

Fang

et al. 2019

Water

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Paleokarst reservoirs are the major type of the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tahe Oilfield. Due to the strong heterogeneity in distribution, it is a real challenge to detect the spatial distribution of paleokarst reservoirs, especially those deeply buried more than 5500 m in the Tahe area. Based on the abundant core samples, this paper first described the structure of paleocaves drilled by well. Second, after time–depth conversions, the results from drilled wells were tied to three-dimensional (3D) seismic datasets, and then the threshold of host rocks and caves in wave impedance were identified. Third, the seismic-scale mapping and visualization of the paleokarst reservoirs were achieved by tracing the distribution of paleocaves. This approach was applied in the well T403 area, and the structure of the paleokarst, especially the runoff zone, was interpreted. 3D structure and spatial distribution of the paleokarst system was demonstrated by plane, vertical, and 3D models. Additionally, according to the hydrology genetic relationships, the paleocaves in the runoff zone were divided into sinkholes, main channel, and branch channel. The approach of a 3D geophysical characterization of a deeply buried paleokarst system can be applicable to Tahe and other similar paleokarst oilfields, which will guide hydrocarbon exploration in paleokarst reservoirs.

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“…Gas invasion, also known as “phase fractionation” or “gas washing”, , refers to the process of the gas phase entering the relatively stationary liquid phase and causing change of fluid characteristics and phases . A gas phase may escape, resulting in the formation of condensate oil, , while the composition of the residual oil will change as some components are carried away with the escaping gas. ,− Since a phase separation of gas and liquid phase occurs, a separation of the solids also occurs, and a large amount of gas dissolved in the oil will cause the precipitation of asphaltenes. The distribution of asphalt in the reservoir can be used as evidence that the early crude oils in the area suffered from the late natural gas washing and fractionation transformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Gas Invasion on the Composition of Crude Oil and the Controlling Factors for the Reservoir Fluid Phase

Zhu

Chi

et al. 2020

Energy Fuels

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Oil and gas in deep strata is complex in property and variable in phase type, which imposes great challenges to exploration. This is particularly true in the deep Ordovician of Tarim Basin (NW China) where abundant oil and gas resources were discovered with various phase types including gas, condensate, volatile oil, normal oil, and heavy oil. The prediction of the composition and phase type of deep fluid is a crucial issue in future development. In this study, typical oils from different types of reservoirs from the East Lungu area (north Tarim Basin) were sampled and analyzed with two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS) for the reconstruction of gas invasion on its impact oil compositions and reservoir phase type. The concentration of diamondoids in crude oil and the loss of n-alkane decreased gradually along the westward direction of gas invasion. Coupled with several other parameters, the quantitative evaluation of the gas invasion intensity indicated that gas invasion occurs from east to west in the late period (12–2 Ma) in the study site and altered the paleo reservoirs formed in the Late Hercynian (293–255 Ma), and thus formed the condensate (strong gas invasion), volatile oil (weak gas invasion), and normal oil reservoir (no gas invasion), successively. The prediction of the phase type distribution provides a scientific basis for deep oil and gas exploration and resource assessment.

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The origin and accumulation of multi-phase reservoirs in the east Tabei uplift, Tarim Basin, China

Cited by 37 publications

References 82 publications

Fluid Phase Modeling and Evolution of Complex Reservoirs in the Halahatang Depression of the Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin

Fluid Phase Modeling and Evolution of Complex Reservoirs in the Halahatang Depression of the Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin

Three-Dimensional Geophysical Characterization of Deeply Buried Paleokarst System in the Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin, China

The Influence of Gas Invasion on the Composition of Crude Oil and the Controlling Factors for the Reservoir Fluid Phase

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