The organization of children's secure base behaviour in two-parent Portuguese families and father's participation in child-related activities

Domains of father involvement, social competence and problem behavior in preschool children

“…However, results also show that fathers were clearly less involved in the domains of direct care and indirect care (average values are close to the value 2 corresponding to the response category 'Nearly always the mother'). These results are in accordance with consistent findings of previous research in several cultures: Fathers tend to spend a great proportion of time with children in play activities whereas mothers typically spend a higher proportion of time in functional childcare activities (Hewlett, 1991;McBride & Mills, 1993;Monteiro et al, 2010;Torres et al, 2012).…”

“…These results are in accordance with previous literature on the determinants and correlates of father involvement (Monteiro et al, 2010; see also Lamb & Lewis, 2010 for a thorough revision), and they likely reflect contemporary trends in western urban societies: When mothers are employed, men are unemployed and/or when the educational level of the couple is higher, the childcare tasks tend to become more egalitarian, or less women-biased (Amato & Rivera, 1999;Lamb, 2010;Lamb & Lewis, 2010;Pleck, 2010). Our results specify a little more these trends: While the work status of the parents was related to father involvement in direct care (e.g., feeding, bathing, and dressing the child), the educational status of the parents was related to father involvement in indirect care tasks (e.g., buying clothes, going to school meetings).…”

Perfis de envolvimento relativo do pai e ajustamento social de crianças em jardim-de-infância

“…Verificou-se, ainda, que o Perfil 2 (pais cuidadores e companheiros de brincadeira) se carac teriza por cuidadores com habilitações literárias mais elevadas comparativamente com o Perfil 1. Estes resultados tendem a ir ao encontro de outros estudos com amostras portuguesas (e.g., Monteiro et al, 2010;Monteiro, Fernandes, Torres, & Santos, 2017;Torres et al, 2014). Sugere-se que pais com habilitações mais elevadas não só têm uma visão mais igualitária sobre os papéis de género (Wall et al, 2016), como procuram obter maior conhecimento sobre seu impacto no desenvolvimento dos filhos, envolvendo-se mais em todos os aspectos da sua vida, comparativamente com pais com habilitações mais baixas (e.g., Tamis-Lemonda, Shannon, Cabrera, & Lamb, 2004).…”

Children's Representations of Attachment and Positive Teacher–Child Relationships

“…As attachment theory and research has expanded to consider a variety of attachment figures with overlapping, although not identical, spheres of influence (e.g., Lamb, 2005 ; Monteiro et al, 2010 ), there have been conceptual as well as empirical discussions of attachment “networks”, i.e., the sets of adults to whom a child has co-constructed an attachment (or attachment-relevant) relationship (van IJzendoorn, 2005 ), and the effects of secure vs. insecure relationships across all (or most) members of these networks. van IJzendoorn ( 2005 ) and others have argued that the attachment network is integrated, even if not exactly additive, and that the child's construction of an internal working model of attachment is influenced to varying degrees by all of her/his attachment relationships.…”