The optoelectronic properties of tungsten-doped indium oxide thin films prepared by polymer-assisted solution processing for use in organic solar cells

Abstract

Tungsten-doped indium oxide transparent conducting thin films, to be applied to inverted organic solar cells, were prepared by a polymer-assisted solution process.

Visible light-active binary metal ion containing functional triazine metallopolymers as a stable p-type photo-electrocatalyst in protic electrolytes

“…The binding energy peak at 398.6 eV signifies the pyridinic state of N 1s in the triazine units and the minimum peak intensity at 399.8 eV could be ascribed to the coordinated pyridinic nitrogen environment (Table 1). [40][41][42]…”

“…The increase in the concentration of triazine trithiolate from 7 to 15% solution during the preparation and prolonged activation shows a significant overpotential reduction and high hydrogen evolution activity of CuTCA compared to our previous report. 40 Moreover, the binary metal ion-containing metallopolymers exhibit better hydrogen evolution activity at higher overpotentials. Fig.…”

High-Performance Indium–Tin Oxide (ITO) Electrode Enabled by a Counteranion-Free Metal–Polymer Complex

“…44−47 Vishwanath et al synthesized Mo-, Ti-, and W-doped In 2 O 3 thin films by PAD with varying dopant concentrations for the use as transparent conducting oxide electrodes. 44,45,47 The Mo-doped (1. 48 High-performance TCO requires several conditions: (i) removal of impurities, (ii) high-density oxide film, (iii) homogeneity in crystal structures and film morphology, and (iv) controllable elemental doping.…”

“…Even though the PAD process can readily produce TCO, only few literature using the PAD process have been reported so far. − Vishwanath et al synthesized Mo-, Ti-, and W-doped In 2 O 3 thin films by PAD with varying dopant concentrations for the use as transparent conducting oxide electrodes. ,, The Mo-doped (1.5 at. %) In 2 O 3 with a thickness of 130 nm and the Ti-doped (3 at.…”

“… 44 − 47 Vishwanath et al synthesized Mo-, Ti-, and W-doped In 2 O 3 thin films by PAD with varying dopant concentrations for the use as transparent conducting oxide electrodes. 44 , 45 , 47 The Mo-doped (1.5 at. %) In 2 O 3 with a thickness of 130 nm and the Ti-doped (3 at.…”