The Optical Properties of Diffusing Materials

Duntley, Seibert Q.

doi:10.1364/josa.32.000061

Cited by 154 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The five measurements allow calculations of five coefficients which characterize the attentuation of light within the cuvette (after Duntley 1942). The volume absorption and volume forward and backward scattering coefficients are inherent optical parameters which characterize the attenuation of the incident collimated light as it passes through the cell suspension.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The volume absorption and volume forward and backward scattering coefficients are inherent optical parameters which characterize the attenuation of the incident collimated light as it passes through the cell suspension. The diffuse absorption and diffuse backscattering coefficients are hybrid optical parameters (Duntley 1942;Preisendorfer 1976) characterizing the attenuation of the diffuse irradiance flowing through the suspension in the forward or backward direction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, we have chosen to present the results in terms of u*~( A) and b*,(h) despite the fact that the values for the coefficients may vary somewhat with changes in the radiance distribution of the diffuse light field. These diffuse coefficients have been used to calculate color spectra for model oceans (Duntley et al 1974;Wilson and Kiefer 1979). The normalized coefficients are dimensionless and can be thought of as the efficiency with which diffuse light is absorbed or backscattered by a phytoplankton cell.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since phytoplankton are also the base of the planktonic food chain, we have studied their optical properties in the laboratory with the aim of calculating spectral changes effected by the size of the crop. In order to quantify the scattering and absorption properties of the cells, we based our measurements on principles of 1 The study was supported by the U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA, National Environmental Satellite Service, grants 04-6-158-44031 and 04-6-158-44033. reflectance spectroscopy and, in particular, on the phenomenological model of radiative transfer introduced by Duntley (1942). This model, which is an extension of the work of Schuster (1905) and Kubelka and Munk (1931) among others, characterizes the optical properties of material with absorption and scattering coefficients for diffuse and collimated light.…”

Section: Our Abilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Reflectance spectroscopy of marine phytoplankton. Part 1. Optical properties as related to age and growth rate1

Kiefer

Olson

Wilson

1979

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The optical properties of two species of marine phytoplankton were characterized by application of principles of reflectance spectroscopy. Suspensions of Thalassiosira pseudonana from batch cultures and MonochrysisZutheri from continuous cultures were placed in a spectrophotometer for measurements of diffuse spectral transmittance and reflectance. These measurements yielded values for the diffuse absorption coefficiant, a*(h), and diffuse backscattering coefficient, b*(h), two parameters that can be applied to calculations of the effect of phytoplankton crop size on ocean color gpectra. Results show that the absorption and scattering properties of a cell suspension contain information related not only to cell concentration but also to cell age or growth rate. Most important, in batch culture the ratio a*(X):b*(h) decreases with age once the plateau phase has been reached, and in continuous culture the ratio of absorption to backscattering coefficients is roughly proportional to the specific growth rate of the cells. Such changes in a*(A): b*(A) are larger at the red absorption maximum of chlorophyll a than in the blue, where accessory pigments also contribute to the absorption coefficient.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Our Abilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Reflectance spectroscopy of marine phytoplankton. Part 1. Optical properties as related to age and growth rate1

Kiefer

Olson

Wilson

1979

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The 2SeaColor model is based on the solution of the two-stream radiative transfer equations including direct sunlight, as described by Duntley (1942Duntley ( , 1963 [61,62]. Both the analytical forward model and the inversion scheme are provided in detail in Salama and Verhoef [50].…”

Section: Reflectance (R Rs ) Simulation By 2seacolor Forward Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

MOD2SEA: A Coupled Atmosphere-Hydro-Optical Model for the Retrieval of Chlorophyll-a from Remote Sensing Observations in Complex Turbid Waters

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An accurate estimation of the chlorophyll-a (Chla) concentration is crucial for water quality monitoring and is highly desired by various government agencies and environmental groups. However, using satellite observations for Chla estimation remains problematic over coastal waters due to their optical complexity and the critical atmospheric correction. In this study, we coupled an atmospheric and a water optical model for the simultaneous atmospheric correction and retrieval of Chla in the complex waters of the Wadden Sea. This coupled model called MOD2SEA combines simulations from the MODerate resolution atmospheric TRANsmission model (MODTRAN) and the two-stream radiative transfer hydro-optical model 2SeaColor. The accuracy of the coupled MOD2SEA model was validated using a matchup data set of MERIS (MEdium Resolution Imaging SpectRometer) observations and four years of concurrent ground truth measurements (2007)(2008)(2009)(2010) at the NIOZ jetty location in the Dutch part of the Wadden Sea. The results showed that MERIS-derived Chla from MOD2SEA explained the variations of measured Chla with a determination coefficient of R 2 = 0.88 and a RMSE of 3.32 mg·m −3 , which means a significant improvement in comparison with the standard MERIS Case 2 regional (C2R) processor. The proposed coupled model might be used to generate a time series of reliable Chla maps, which is of profound importance for the assessment of causes and consequences of long-term phenological changes of Chla in the turbid Wadden Sea area.

show abstract

Continuum Theories of Diffuse Reflection

Griffiths

Olinger

2001

Handbook of Vibrational Spectroscopy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many theories for diffuse reflection spectrometry have been reported, but none allow concentrations to be obtained with as good accuracy as other sampling techniques. In this article, the more important theories of diffuse reflection are described. Diffusely reflected radiation usually follows the Lambert cosine law. Early theories of light scattering were developed about 100 years ago by Mie and Schuster, and most current treatments are based on one of these two theories. The equation derived by Kubelka and Munk for the diffuse reflectance of a powder was essentially identical to the equation that was derived by Schuster for the radiation scattered from a very dilute suspension of particles. Other workers considered the effect of anisotropic scattering, which are usually too complicated to apply to powdered solids. Application of the Kubelka–Munk equation shows why mid‐infrared diffuse reflection spectrometry is an excellent microsampling technique, unless the matrix in which the analyte is dispersed has significant absorption.

show abstract

The Optical Properties of Diffusing Materials

Cited by 154 publications

References 0 publications

Reflectance spectroscopy of marine phytoplankton. Part 1. Optical properties as related to age and growth rate1

Reflectance spectroscopy of marine phytoplankton. Part 1. Optical properties as related to age and growth rate1

MOD2SEA: A Coupled Atmosphere-Hydro-Optical Model for the Retrieval of Chlorophyll-a from Remote Sensing Observations in Complex Turbid Waters

Continuum Theories of Diffuse Reflection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About