The ontogeny of pycnidia of Guignardia bidwellii in culture

Janex-Favre, M. C.; Parguey-Leduc, A.; Jailloux, F.

doi:10.1016/s0953-7562(09)80166-4

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Although the process of conidiogenesis was not observed, conidia were seen in the cavity. This affirmed reports that conidiogenous cells developed from the inside layer of the cavity produced conidia from their tips (Van der Aa 1973;Janex-Favre et al, 1993;Watanabe et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…This is evident by abundant pycnidia, either singly or in groups, developed on freckle spots on the leaf surface where each fruiting body is surrounded by aggregates of conidia interspersed with a network of hyphae. Pycnidia are developed from clustered, intertwined hyphae (Van der Aa 1973;Janex-Favre et al 1993;Watanabe et al 1997). The pycnidial cavity appeared to be filled with mucilage which agreed with those of Phyllosticta harai (Watanabe et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Pycnidia are developed from clustered, intertwined hyphae (Van der Aa ; Janex‐Favre et al. ; Watanabe et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mode of Infection of Phyllosticta maculata on Banana as Revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Wong

Aitken

et al. 2012

Journal of Phytopathology

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The initial infection stages of Phyllosticta maculata on banana were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Conidial germination on the banana leaf surface commenced within 3 h postinoculation to produce a long and slender germ tube. The hyphae developed secondary branches and mostly grew randomly across the leaf surface. Appressoria were formed at the apex of the germ tubes within 18 h postinoculation and were variable in shape. A layer of an extracellular matrix surrounded the appressoria at the pathogenhost interface. On the fruit surface, conidia germinated to produce predominantly swollen germ tubes which functioned as lateral appressoria together with some slender ones. These germ tubes were formed within 3 h postinoculation. There was no stomatal penetration apparent on the leaf; instead, direct penetration through the cuticle with and without the formation of appressoria was observed. Cuticular degradation on the leaf surface was evident with a circular, darkened area around the point of penetration by hyphae or appressoria. The significant role of pycnidia and conidia in the epidemiology of the disease was further demonstrated in naturally infected leaf samples.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

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Mode of Infection of Phyllosticta maculata on Banana as Revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Wong

Aitken

et al. 2012

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Formation, development and morphology of pycnidia as well as perithecia with ascospores were microscopically studied by Janex‐Favre et al . (, ) and the morphological features described in these publications enhanced the identification.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 73%

Epidemiology, identification and disease management of grape black rot and potentially useful metabolites of black rot pathogens for industrial applications – a review

Molitor

Beyer²

2014

Annals of Applied Biology

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Phyllosticta ampelicida (teleomorph: Guignardia bidwellii) is the fungal plant pathogen that causes black rot on grapevine. It is able to infect all green, expanding grape tissues. Black rot poses a threat to both yield and wine quality; a severe attack can virtually cause a complete crop loss. The fungus is native to North America, and was spread to Europe at the end of the 19th century. With the beginning of the 21st century, an increasing importance of the disease was observed in several European winegrowing regions. Successful black rot control strategies combine sanitary measures, cultural techniques, growing cultivars with reduced susceptibility and the use of effective fungicides. Berries are most susceptible to infections between flowering and bunch closure and consequently, fungicide applications against black rot need to focus on this period. In this paper, forecast models and decision support systems that help to achieve satisfactory control with a minimum of fungicide input are presented. Black rot in grapevine was reported to be well controlled in field experiments by a broad range of fungicide classes including quinone outside inhibitors (98 ± 3% efficacy), demethylation inhibitors (98 ± 3% efficacy) and dithiocarbamates (92 ± 7% efficacy). Average efficacies of other fungicide classes tested so far ranged from 32 to 69%; meta data on the efficacy of fungicides in numerous field trials are given. At present, black rot causes major problems primarily if vineyard management and fungicide use were reduced or abandoned. Organically managed vineyards are highly affected. Hence, site and cultivar selection as well as cultural measures are of the highest importance especially in organic viticulture. Recent studies showed that some strains formerly classified as G. bidwellii in fact belong to a distinct species (P. parthenocissi). Black rot pathogens produce some phytotoxic secondary metabolites, such as phenguignardic acid, guignardic acid, alaguignardic acid and the guignardianones A, E and F, which could stimulate the development of new herbicides of natural origin.

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“…However, for the typespecies for this genera, Janex-Favre et al (1993) found that young pycnidiospores (Phyllosticta bidwelli) are uninucleated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Genetic variability in the endophytic fungus Guignardia citricarpa isolated from citrus plants

et al. 2002

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During some phases of of their life-cycle endophytic fungi colonize plants asymptomatically being found most frequently inside the aerial part of plant tissues. After surface disinfection of apparently healthy leaves from three varieties of mandarin orange and one tangor, and after incubation on appropriate culture medium, 407 fungal isolates were obtained, giving a total infection frequency of 81%. No fungal growth was observed from disinfected seeds, indicating that fungi are probably not transmitted via seeds. Of the fungal isolates, 27% belonged to the genus Guignardia, with 12 isolates being identified as Guignardia citricarpa Kiely, which is described as a citrus pathogen. The isolates were variable in respect to the presence of sexual structures and growth rates. Most of the isolates produces mature asci, supporting the hypothesis that they are nonpathogenic endophytes, which recently were identified as G. mangiferae. High intraspecific genetic variability (an average similarity coefficient of 0.6) was detected using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers generated by seven different primers. The highest similarity coefficient (0.9) was between isolates P15 and M86 and the smallest (0.22) between isolates P15 and C145. These results did not allow us to establish an association between genetic similarity of the fungal isolates and the citrus varieties from which they were obtained.

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The ontogeny of pycnidia of Guignardia bidwellii in culture

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Mode of Infection of Phyllosticta maculata on Banana as Revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Mode of Infection of Phyllosticta maculata on Banana as Revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Epidemiology, identification and disease management of grape black rot and potentially useful metabolites of black rot pathogens for industrial applications – a review

Genetic variability in the endophytic fungus Guignardia citricarpa isolated from citrus plants

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