The ontogenic expressions of multiple vesicular glutamate transporters during postnatal development of rat pineal gland

Yoshida, Shigeo; Ina, Ayuka; Konno, Jinko; Wu, Ting; Shutoh, Fumihiro; Nogami, Hisashi; Hisano, Setsuji

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.12.029

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In rat and mouse, VGluT2 is expressed at high levels shortly after birth but declines with age in multiple regions, while VGluT1 expression increases gradually after birth and eventually predominates in telencephalic regions (Boulland et al, 2004;Nakamura et al, 2005). Early expression of VGluT2 was also reported in the rat pineal gland, but its expression is downregulated after birth while that of VGLUT1 increases (Yoshida et al, 2008). In contrast, an up-regulation of VGluT2 expression was observed in 5 days old zebrafish spinal cord (Higashijima et al, 2004).…”

Section: Comparative Analysis Of the Early Expression Patternsmentioning

confidence: 88%

A vesicular glutamate transporter in lampreys: cDNA cloning and early expression in the nervous system

Villar-Cerviño¹,

Rocancourt²,

Menuet³

et al. 2010

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Comparative Analysis Of the Early Expression Patternsmentioning

confidence: 88%

A vesicular glutamate transporter in lampreys: cDNA cloning and early expression in the nervous system

Villar-Cerviño¹,

Rocancourt²,

Menuet³

et al. 2010

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The functional roles of GABA and glutamate in the pineal gland remain an area of active study, as regards the roles they play in controlling melatonin synthesis [ 34 , 47 – 50 ]. Our studies document expression in pinealocytes and astrocytes and expand on current knowledge of the distribution of genes that mediate GABA and glutamate signaling by detailing the subtypes in which they are expressed ( S11 Fig ), introducing a new layer of complexity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-cell RNA sequencing of the mammalian pineal gland identifies two pinealocyte subtypes and cell type-specific daily patterns of gene expression

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The vertebrate pineal gland is dedicated to the production of the hormone melatonin, which increases at night to influence circadian and seasonal rhythms. This increase is associated with dramatic changes in the pineal transcriptome. Here, single-cell analysis of the rat pineal transcriptome was approached by sequencing mRNA from ~17,000 individual pineal cells, with the goals of profiling the cells that comprise the pineal gland and examining the proposal that there are two distinct populations of pinealocytes differentiated by the expression of Asmt, which encodes the enzyme that converts N-acetylserotonin to melatonin. In addition, this analysis provides evidence of cell-specific time-of-day dependent changes in gene expression. Nine transcriptomically distinct cell types were identified: ~90% were classified as melatonin-producing α- and β-pinealocytes (1:19 ratio). Non-pinealocytes included three astrocyte subtypes, two microglia subtypes, vascular and leptomeningeal cells, and endothelial cells. α-Pinealocytes were distinguished from β-pinealocytes by ~3-fold higher levels of Asmt transcripts. In addition, α-pinealocytes have transcriptomic differences that likely enhance melatonin formation by increasing the availability of the Asmt cofactor S-adenosylmethionine, resulting from increased production of a precursor of S-adenosylmethionine, ATP. These transcriptomic differences include ~2-fold higher levels of the ATP-generating oxidative phosphorylation transcriptome and ~8-fold lower levels of the ribosome transcriptome, which is expected to reduce the consumption of ATP by protein synthesis. These findings suggest that α-pinealocytes have a specialized role in the pineal gland: efficiently O-methylating the N-acetylserotonin produced and released by β-pinealocytes, thereby improving the overall efficiency of melatonin synthesis. We have also identified transcriptomic changes that occur between night and day in seven cell types, the majority of which occur in β-pinealocytes and to a lesser degree in α-pinealocytes; many of these changes were mimicked by adrenergic stimulation with isoproterenol. The cellular heterogeneity of the pineal gland as revealed by this study provides a new framework for understanding pineal cell biology at single-cell resolution.

show abstract

“…Synaptic transmission throughout the outer plexiform layer is impaired given the absence of an ERG b-wave under either scotopic or photopic conditions. Interestingly, VGLUT1 is expressed in most (if not all) pinealocyte synaptic-like microvesicles and co-localizes with VGLUT2 in a subset of them [166, 231]. An alternatively spliced VGLUT1 isoform, with a 25 amino acid insert of unknown function in the first intravesicular loop, constitutes 70% and 25% of VGLUT1 mRNA in the adult retina and pineal, respectively [232].…”

Section: Vglut1 and Vglut3 Fill Synaptic Vesicles With Glutamate At Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Molecular Architecture of Ribbon Presynaptic Terminals

Zanazzi

Matthews

2009

Mol Neurobiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The primary receptor neurons of the auditory, vestibular, and visual systems encode a broad range of sensory information by modulating the tonic release of the neurotransmitter glutamate in response to graded changes in membrane potential. The output synapses of these neurons are marked by structures called synaptic ribbons, which tether a pool of releasable synaptic vesicles at the active zone, where glutamate release occurs in response to calcium influx through L-type channels. Ribbons are composed primarily of the protein, RIBEYE, which is unique to ribbon synapses, but cytomatrix proteins that regulate the vesicle cycle in conventional terminals, such as Piccolo and Bassoon, also are found at ribbons. Conventional and ribbon terminals differ, however, in the size, molecular composition, and mobilization of their synaptic vesicle pools. Calcium-binding proteins and plasmamembrane calcium pumps, together with endomembrane pumps and channels, play important roles in calcium handling at ribbon synapses. Taken together, emerging evidence suggests that several molecular and cellular specializations work in concert to support the sustained exocytosis of glutamate that is a hallmark of ribbon synapses. Consistent with its functional importance, abnormalities in a variety of functional aspects of the ribbon presynaptic terminal underlie several forms of auditory neuropathy and retinopathy.

show abstract

The ontogenic expressions of multiple vesicular glutamate transporters during postnatal development of rat pineal gland

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

A vesicular glutamate transporter in lampreys: cDNA cloning and early expression in the nervous system

A vesicular glutamate transporter in lampreys: cDNA cloning and early expression in the nervous system

Single-cell RNA sequencing of the mammalian pineal gland identifies two pinealocyte subtypes and cell type-specific daily patterns of gene expression

The Molecular Architecture of Ribbon Presynaptic Terminals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About