THE OCCURRENCE OF GENTIOBIOSE IN THE PRODUCTS OF THE COMMERCIAL HYDROLYSIS OF CORN STARCH²

Abstract

In carrying out the test the ammoniacal filtrate is taken from the bismuth separation, the excess of ammonia is removed either by boiling or by careful neutralization with acid. If sufficient ammonium salts have not been added in the course of the analysis, 3 or 4 cc. of a 10% solution of ammonium chloride is added at this time. The solution is then treated with an equal volume of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The presence of cadmium is indicated by a turbid, white precipitate which is easily noted in contrast to the clear blue of the copper solution.The test is sensitive to about 0.1 mg. per cc., which can be detected without difficulty in the presence of five times that amount of copper.Failure to remove mercury or lead before the bismuth separation does not interfere with the test.

SOPHOROSE AS AN INDUCER OF CELLULASE IN TRICHODERMA VIRIDE

“…1 ,6-anhydro-o3-D-glucofuranose (Peat et al, 1958); glucose disaccharides: a-a-trehalose (1 -+1, M1ontgomery and Weakly, 1953); (3-f-trehalose (1 -*1, Thompson, Wolfrom, and Inatome, 1954); sophorose (31 --2, Thompson et al, 1954); nigerose (al -*3, Thompson et al, 1954); laminaribiose (31 -*3, Sato, WVatanabe, and Aso, 1958;Peat et al, 1958); maltose (al -4, Mlontgomery and Weakly, 1953); cellobiose (31 -*4, Sowden and Spriggs, 1954); 5-O-f-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucose (Sowden and Spriggs, 1956); isomaltose (al -6, Thompson, Wolfrom, and Quinn, 1953; Montgomery and WTeakly, 1953); gentiobiose (/31 -*6, Berlin, 1926).…”

Saccharification of Starchy Grain Mashes for the Alcoholic Fermentation Industry

“…The reversion of dextrose to polysaccharides accounts for the fact that approximately one third of the carbohydrate content of hydrol, the final mother liquor from the commercial manufacture of crystalline dextrose, is not fermentable by yeast. About one fifth of this nonfermentable sugar has been shown (1,4) to be the reducing disaccharide, gentiobiose.…”

“…Since amylase is a complex, the use of different amylolytic materials in combinations might give better saccharification for alcoholic fermentation than when employed alone. This effect would be associated either by complementary action or by furnishing the various fractions of the complex in more 1 The first paper in this series appeared in 1939 {IS). LORIN Lower alcohol yields are generally obtained from grain mashes saccharified with dilute mineral acids rather than with amylase; addition of active moldy bran to such acid-hydrolyzed corn mash resulted in normal alcohol yield.…”