SOPHOROSE AS AN INDUCER OF CELLULASE IN TRICHODERMA VIRIDE

Abstract

Mandels, Mary (Quartermaster Research and Engineering Center, Natick, Mass.), Fredrick W. Parrish, and Elwyn T. Reese . Sophorose as an inducer of cellulase in Trichoderma viride . J. Bacteriol. 83: 400–408. 1962.—The impurity in glucose responsible for cellulase induction in Trichoderma viride QM 6a has been isolated and characterized as sophorose (2-O-β- d -glucopyranosyl- d -glucose). It is present at 0.0058% in reagent grade glucose. Sophorose is a very powerful inducer of cellulase for Trichoderma viride , being 2500 times as active as cellobiose. Modifications of sophorose, such as reduction or glycoside formation, destroy its inducing ability. The high activity of sophorose as an inducer is specific for T. viride .

Detection and differentiation of cellulase components using low molecular mass fluorogenic substrates

“…T. reesei QM 9414 (gift from Dr M. Mandels, MA) was grown (29°C) on 1% agar, containing the minimum medium [9] and either glucose (1 Yo) or lactose (1 (r/o) as carbon source. Enzymic activity of the colonies (after 48 h growth) was detected similarly as described above using MeUmb &Gal ,&(1+4)Glc (0.5 mM) as substrate.…”

“…The activity tests with the MeUmb P-Gal such as cellobiose, sophorose and lactose act as inducers of the cellulolytic system of T. reesei [9]. In contrast glucose is reported to act as a repressor of the same system [ 111.…”

Raffinose-induced mutanase production from Trichoderma harzianum

“…of Ziirich) and was routinely maintained on malt-glucose agar plates. For growth and mutanase induction experiments, a suspension of fungal spores in water was used to inoculate 100-ml cultures containing the minimal salts medium of Mandels, Parrish and Reese [13] with the addition of 1% (w/v) carbohydrate, with the exception of 0.5% (w/v) mutan. Cultures were grown in shaker flasks at 30°C and 200 rpm.…”

Molecular biology of xylan degradation

“…A generally accepted view on the regulation of synthesis of enzymes degrading polymeric substrates such as cellulose and xylan is that low constitutive levels of hydrolytic enzymes produce small soluble 'signal' fragments which are able to enter the cell and induce the synthesis of the corresponding enzyme, allowing utilization of the polymer [102]. The most potent inducers of cellulases include sophorose (2-O-/3-glucopyranosyl-D-glucose), cellobiose and lactose [103] while those of xylanases are xylobiose and xylooligosaccharides [104,105]. Whether homodi-and homooligo-saccharides are the only natural inducers was investigated by Hrmov~i et al [105] and Biely and Petr~ikov~ [104].…”