The occurrence of eschars in Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Walker, David H.; GAY, ROBERT M.; Valdes-Dapena, Maria

doi:10.1016/s0190-9622(81)70059-8

Cited by 56 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Rickettsial vasculitis and occlusive luminal thrombosis are associated with dermal and epidermal coagulative necrosis, resulting in the formation of these eschars. 19 As such, they may represent a localized defensive reaction by the host against the penetration of the pathogenic bacterium. It is generally thought that the development of a localized defensive reaction is a good prognostic factor, and spotted fevers that generally induce multiple eschars in patients (for example, African tick bite fever) are milder than spotted fevers that are rarely accompanied by eschars (Rocky Mountain spotted fever).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Eschars from Acute Febrile Patients, Senegal

Mediannikov

Socolovschi

Million

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Fever caused by Rickettsia felis was recently shown to play an important role in infectious diseases morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa. We collected 68 cotton swabs from fever-associated eschars in four different regions of Senegal. In 5 of 68 eschar samples (7.4%), we have identified DNA from R. felis. In 49 of 68 eschar samples (72.1%), we have identified DNA from Staphylococcus aureus. In 35 of 68 eschar samples (51.5%), we have identified DNA from Streptococcus pyogenes, and in 4 of 68 eschar samples (5.9%), we have identified DNA from Streptococcus pneumoniae. In 34 cases, S. aureus was found together with S. pyogenes. DNA from R. felis was also found in swabs from the skin of the healthy Senegalese villagers (3 of 60; 5%) but not French urbanites. The presence of S. aureus and S. pyogenes was significantly associated with the presence of eschars in febrile patients compared with the healthy skin from the control group. Finally, we confirmed that Senegal is an endemic region for R. felis, which is found in both eschars and healthy skin swabs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Eschars from Acute Febrile Patients, Senegal

Mediannikov

Socolovschi

Million

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Lack of rash or late-onset rash in RMSF has been associated with delays in diagnosis and increased mortality (6,18,74). Unlike some SFG rickettsioses, an inoculation eschar is rarely present with RMSF (100,101 features that have been observed in association with RMSF include abdominal pain that mimics acute appendicitis (102), cholecystitis (103), or gastroenteritis; diarrhea; conjunctival suffusion; periorbital and peripheral edema (more common in children); calf pain; acute transient hearing loss; hepatomegaly; and splenomegaly (6,104). Severe, late-stage manifestations of RMSF include meningoencephalitis, acute renal failure, ARDS, cutaneous necrosis, shock, arrhythmia, and seizure.…”

Section: Signs and Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Management of Tickborne Rickettsial Diseases: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and Other Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses, Ehrlichioses, and Anaplasmosis — United States

Biggs¹,

Behravesh²,

et al. 2016

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“…mongolotimonae (245), but is generally an unusual clinical feature of most SFG rickettsial infections. Indeed, eschars are seldom described for patients with RMSF, and it has been suggested that rare observations of eschars in patients with supposed RMSF (76,354) could be caused by infection with R. parkeri rather than R. rickettsii (230). A 1994 report describing PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles of several SFG rickettsial stains isolated from patients presumably infected with R. rickettsii noted close similarity of one profile with that of R. parkeri (266).…”

Section: Vol 18 2005mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick-Borne Rickettsioses around the World: Emerging Diseases Challenging Old Concepts

2005

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SUMMARY During most of the 20th century, the epidemiology of tick-borne rickettsioses could be summarized as the occurrence of a single pathogenic rickettsia on each continent. An element of this paradigm suggested that the many other characterized and noncharacterized rickettsiae isolated from ticks were not pathogenic to humans. In this context, it was considered that relatively few tick-borne rickettsiae caused human disease. This concept was modified extensively from 1984 through 2005 by the identification of at least 11 additional rickettsial species or subspecies that cause tick-borne rickettsioses around the world. Of these agents, seven were initially isolated from ticks, often years or decades before a definitive association with human disease was established. We present here the tick-borne rickettsioses described through 2005 and focus on the epidemiological circumstances that have played a role in the emergence of the newly recognized diseases.

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The occurrence of eschars in Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Cited by 56 publications

References 19 publications

Molecular Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Eschars from Acute Febrile Patients, Senegal

Molecular Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Eschars from Acute Febrile Patients, Senegal

Diagnosis and Management of Tickborne Rickettsial Diseases: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and Other Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses, Ehrlichioses, and Anaplasmosis — United States

Tick-Borne Rickettsioses around the World: Emerging Diseases Challenging Old Concepts

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