The occurrence and origin of celestite in the Abolfares region, Iran: Implications for Sr-mineralization in Zagros fold belt (ZFB)

Pourkaseb, Houshang; Zarasvandi, Alireza; Rezaei, Mohsen; Mahdavi, Reyhaneh; Ghanavati, Fatemeh Kamari

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2017.06.010

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In this study, the fluid inclusions in celestine were homogenized at temperatures ranging from 100 • C to 340 • C, mostly between 200 • C and 220 • C, indicating that the mineralization of celestine is related to hydrothermal activity, and other evidence for coeval hydrothermal activity has been detected in the study area [75,76]. The formation of many large celestine deposits in the world is related to hydrothermal activities, which are mainly basinal brine [2,3,5,19,20,25,[77][78][79], some of which are related to magmatic-hydrothermal activities [22,80]. The source of basinal brines is complex.…”

Section: Nature Of the Mineralizing Fluidmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Some clastic and carbonate rocks formed in Sabkha have high strontium content, which proves that Sr can be enriched during evaporation [103], but determination of whether it can form celestine ore bodies requires further research. The second stage, in which there is more Sr enriched in the brines, is important for the formation of celestine deposits, and many celestine deposits around the world have experienced the process of Sr re-enrichment [2,3,20,24,25]. The methods for enriching Sr into brines include the following: (1) Aragonite-calcite conversion: the Triassic sedimentary environment is favorable for aragonite precipitation.…”

Section: Nature Of the Mineralizing Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two hypotheses have been proposed for the genesis of celestine deposits: (1) celestine was formed during the evaporation of seawater [123,124] and (2) celestine was formed during the replacement of carbonates and gypsum by ore-forming fluid [3,21]. Moreover, it is also believed that some epigenetic celestine deposits are formed by fluid mixing, which refers to Sr 2+ -rich fluid and SO 4 2− -rich fluid [22,93].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microthermometer results indicate that different types of ore are formed by the same fluid action, and that the type of ore is determined by the channel of fluid. The tectonic stress of ore-forming fluid migration is related to regional folding, and the mechanism is the same as that of the celestine deposits in Abolfares and Likak, Iran [2,3]. (3) The supergene period is characterized by the dissolution of the orebody by meteoric water, especially at the turning point of the anticline, resulting in the discontinuity of the orebody [14] (Figure 14c).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average concentration of Sr in the Earth's crust is 0.04%, making it the 15th most abundant element in the crust [1]. Celestine (SrSO 4 ) and strontianite (SrCO 3 ) are the only two valuable minerals rich in Sr [2][3][4]. However, celestine deposits are the main exploitable Sr deposits in the world [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geological and Geochemical Constraints on the Origin of the Sr Mineralization in Huayingshan Ore District, Chongqing, South China

et al. 2023

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There are many celestine deposits and mineralization points in the Huayingshan ore district which form the largest strontium resource base in China. Among these celestine deposits, the Yuxia and Xinglong are two of the larger deposits. Previous studies have displayed different views on the genesis of the celestine deposit in the Huayingshan ore district. In this study, we conducted field obversions, geochemistry, and fluid inclusion studies to investigate the sources of ore-forming matters and the metallogenic mechanism of the celestine deposit. Four types of fluid inclusion (FI), namely PL (pure liquid FI), PV (pure vapor FI), L-V (liquid-vapor two-phase FI), and L-V-S (liquid-vapor-solid three-phase FI) have been identified in celestine from different types of ore in the Xishan anticline. The ore-forming fluids belong to the NaCl-H2 O system with moderate to low temperature (190–220 °C) and moderate salinity (5–9 wt%, NaCl equiv.). Different types of ores were formed by the same period of hydrothermal activity, which is supported by the results of the microthermometer study. Geological, thermometric data, and published hydrogen and oxygen isotope results indicate that the hot brines associated with mineralization mainly originated from meteoric water and some of diagenetic fluid. The Sr (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7076–0.7078) and S (δ34S = 36.4–39.0) isotope values of celestine are consistent with those of the Jialingjiang Formation, indicating that ore metals in hot brines were predominantly derived from that formation. In situ analysis of celestine shows that there is a strong negative correlation between Sr and CaO (R2 = 0.95) and combined with mineralogical and isotope geochemical evidence, we concluded that the precipitation mechanism of celestine is the replacement of gypsum with Sr-rich hot brines. Based on the above research and the classification of celestine deposit type, we classified the celestine deposits in Huayingshan as being of hydrothermal type. The formation of celestine deposits can be divided into three periods: (1) evaporation period, forming the source bed; (2) hydrothermal activity period, forming celestine by replacement of gypsum with Sr-rich hot brines; (3) supergene period, where meteoric water dissolves orebodies and strontianization occurs.

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