The Nutrition Transition in Turkey: Trends in Energy and Macronutrients Supply from 1961 to 2011

Türközü, Duygu; Ayhan, Büşra; Köksal, Eda

doi:10.12996/gmj.2017.86

GMJ

2017

DOI: 10.12996/gmj.2017.86

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The Nutrition Transition in Turkey: Trends in Energy and Macronutrients Supply from 1961 to 2011

Duygu Türközü¹,

Büşra Ayhan²,

Eda Köksal³

Abstract: Objective: It has been aimed to evaluate the differences occurred between 1961 and 2011 regarding the amounts of energy-macronutrients per capita in Turkey. Methods: Energy and macronutrient data (fat and protein) per capita between 1961 and 2011 for Turkey was downloaded from FAOSTAT data base as kg/year and then converted into g/day. The amount of carbohydrate per capita (g/day) was calculated. The changes in daily energy and macronutrient per capita were calculated according to each 10 years period

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Cited by 2 publications

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Evaluation of upper arm muscle and fat area of children and adolescents from Ankara, Turkey

Yavuz

Özer

2020

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AbstractArm anthropometry is a commonly used method for determining the nutritional status of children and adolescents. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the arm anthropometry of 1484 children and adolescents (760 boys and 724 girls) aged between 6–17 years. The sample groups are selected who are living in Ankara to establish local reference values. In order to determine upper Arm Muscle Area (AMA) and upper Arm Fat Area (AFA), height, weight, upper arm circumference and triceps skinfold thickness measurements were taken in accordance with International Biological Program (IBP) protocols. Smoothed percentiles of AMA and AFA were obtained. Body mass index was calculated with weight and height measurements (kg/m2). Fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) were measured using bio-impedance analyzer. According to the obtained results, arm muscle area values were higher in boys and arm fat area was higher in girls. In addition, sex difference in these variables increased with age. There was a high positive correlation between body mass index (BMI) and AMA, AFA. It has been found that there is a difference in AMA and AFA values for Ankara children compared to previous studies in Turkey.

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Evaluation of upper arm muscle and fat area of children and adolescents from Ankara, Turkey

Yavuz

Özer

2020

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Differences in dietary intake between Turkish vegans and omnivores: a cross-sectional study

Sarikaya

Yiğit

Aktaç

et al. 2023

Nor. Afr. J. Food Nutr. Res.

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Background: Veganism is gaining more interest in Turkey, however, there is limited data on the nutritional intake of Turkish vegans. Aims: This cross-sectional online study aimed to evaluate the nutritional intake of Turkish vegans and compare their macro and micronutrient intake with Turkish omnivores. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional online study was conducted in İstanbul from October 2019, until December 2019. 108 Turkish adult vegans and 108 omnivores completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and a 3-day dietary recall online. The energy, macro-, and micronutrient intake were evaluated from the dietary recall via the dietary analysis program BEBIS 8.1, using the Turkish Food composition database. The dietary intake was compared to the Turkey Dietary Guideline. The Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI – 2015) was calculated as a diet quality indicator. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS version 22.0. Results: Mean protein intake was 66.16 ± 21.69 g in vegan women and 74.87 ± 21.90 g was in omnivorous women (p < 0.05), and 75.53 ± 29.09 g in vegan men and 88.89 ± 28.48 g in omnivorous men (p > 0.05). Both male and female vegans had significantly higher dietary intakes of thiamine, vitamin C, iron, magnesium, potassium, and copper; with significantly lower intakes of riboflavin, vitamin B12, vitamin D, calcium, iodine, phosphorus, zinc compared to omnivores of both sexes. Vitamin B12, riboflavin and calcium intakes were below the recommendations in vegans as compared to omnivores for both sexes (p < 0.001). Vegan participants showed a significantly higher intake of total fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and legumes compared to omnivorous participants (p < 0.001). HEI – 2015 scores were 58.18 ± 13.20 in vegans and 68.74 ± 7.72 in omnivores (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Turkish vegans, in our study, had a well-balanced and healthy macronutrient intake with lower saturated fatty acids (SFA) and higher fiber intake. However, vegans showed a lower intake of micronutrients such as vitamin B12 and calcium. This indicates a need for greater care toward ensuring recommended daily intake of these specific micronutrients. Further research is required to evaluate dietary intake and nutritional biomarkers in Turkish vegans for the long-term effects of vegan diets. Keywords: dietary assessment, dietary intake, macronutrients, micronutrients, vegan diet.

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The Nutrition Transition in Turkey: Trends in Energy and Macronutrients Supply from 1961 to 2011

Cited by 2 publications

References 4 publications

Evaluation of upper arm muscle and fat area of children and adolescents from Ankara, Turkey

Evaluation of upper arm muscle and fat area of children and adolescents from Ankara, Turkey

Differences in dietary intake between Turkish vegans and omnivores: a cross-sectional study

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