The nucleotide sequence homologies of unique DNA's of some cultivated and wild mushrooms

Abstract

The unique sequence DNA's of several wild and cultivated fungi including Agaricus brunnescens (=Agaricus bisporus), Agaricus bitorquis, Amanita muscaria, Amanita phalloides, Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes, and Schizophyllum commune were compared by DNA–DNA hybridization. In addition, the characterization of a number of fungal DNA's are reported for the first time. Unique sequence DNA from Agaricus brunnescens and P. ostreatus was labeled by nick translation and each was hybridized with an excess of unlabeled driver DNA. Unique sequence DNA from two different isolates of Agaricus brunnescens showed nearly complete homology with one another, while only 56% of the unique sequence DNA from Agaricus bitorquis hybridized with the same Agaricus brunnescens DNA. Furthermore, very little sequence homology existed between Agaricus brunnescens DNA and the DNA's of the other mushrooms studied. Similarly, very little hybridization occurred between P. ostreatus labeled DNA and the DNA's of the other species. The stability of the DNA duplexes was examined by thermal elution. The Tm of Agaricus brunnescens:Agaricus bitorquis duplexes was 7.7 °C lower than Agaricus brunnescens:Agaricus brunnescens duplexes. This indicated a 7.7–11.6% mismatch between the unique DNA's of these two species.

Origin and Domestication of the Fungal Wheat Pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola via Sympatric Speciation

“…Consistent with our results, other studies have reported extensive genetic differentiation between diverging fungal species (Bicknell and Douglas 1970;Horgen et al 1984;Vilgalys and Johnson 1987;Dettman et al 2003). The high amount of genetic diversity observed between relatively recently separated species suggests that speciation in Mycosphaerella was not only associated with host adaptation but was also accompanied by significant genetic differentiation.…”

Genome complexity of a powerful cellulolytic fungus,Penicillium funiculosum

“…The genomic complexity of only a few fungi has been studied so far [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. It is clear that the kinetic complexity of single copy DNA and the content of repetitive DNA in P. funiculosum compare well with the corresponding values reported in the literature (Table 3).…”

Molecular systematics of the genus Pleurotus: analysis of restriction polymorphisms in ribosomal DNA

“…All the isolates had specific RFLP patterns and presented a high molecular polymorphism (with the sole exception of P. abalonus) comparable to the polymorphism evidenced by isozyme analysis (Zervakis & Labarere, 1992; Iraçabal & Labrère, 1993; Zervakis et al, 1994). In comparison with the DNA polymorphism of species of the order Agaricales previously described in the genera Armillaria (Anderson et al, 1987), Agaricus (Horgen et al, 1984; Hintz et al, 1989), L,accaria (Armstrong et al, 1989; Gardes et al, 1990) and Lentinus (Kulkarni, 1991), the rDNA polymorphism evidenced in the Pleurotus genus is higher. This could be attributed (i) to the efficiency of the probe used which was a part of the P. cornucopiae rDNA unit mainly constituted by intergenic sequences and (ii) to the loss or creation of new restriction sites and/or of length mutations as already evidenced in P. cornucopiae rDNA (Iraçabal & Labrère, 1994).…”