The Nontoxic Ingestion

Mofenson, Howard C.; Greensher, Joseph

doi:10.1016/s0031-3955(16)32453-1

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A toxidrome (a portmanteau of toxic and syndrome) is a syndrome caused by a dangerous level of toxins in the body. The term was coined in 1970 by Mofenson and Greensher [7]. It is often the consequence of a drug overdose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Poisoning and Perception towards Poison Management Guidelines in Pediatricians of a Rural Children's Hospital in India

Bharambe¹,

Rathinavelu²,

Thomas³

et al. 2014

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Poisoning and Perception towards Poison Management Guidelines in Pediatricians of a Rural Children's Hospital in India

Bharambe¹,

Rathinavelu²,

Thomas³

et al. 2014

iosrphr

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“…Writing inks of the blue or black variety contain ferrous sulphate, tannic acid and gallic acid and are non toxic 3 . Red ink may be toxic in doses of 1 ml per kg and green and purple inks contain aniline dyes which are hazardous if taken in large amounts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Red ink may be toxic in doses of 1 ml per kg and green and purple inks contain aniline dyes which are hazardous if taken in large amounts. Ballpoint pen ink contains carbitol 10% or diethyl glycol, both of which have an estimated lethal dose of 30g 3 . The amount available in the ink cartridge does not represent a hazard.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pencils of the lead variety contain nontoxic graphite. Coloured pencils may contain toxic pigments but the small amounts ingested are not hazardous 3 . Crayons are mixtures of stearic acid and paraffin coloured with harmless pigments 4 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chalk contains calcium carbonate and kaolin or occurs naturally as limestone and is not toxic. Coloured chalk is also nontoxic 3 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nontoxic ingestion

Lucas

2009

Sri Lanka J Child Health

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Fatal Poisonings Associated with New Psychoactive Substances

Kronstrand

Guerrieri

Vikingsson

et al. 2018

New Psychoactive Substances

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This chapter describes how new psychoactive substances (NPS) have been involved in fatal intoxications from 2010 and onwards. It summarizes the circumstances, antemortem symptoms, and adverse effects that have led to death after ingestion of one or more NPS and tabulates concentrations, and postmortem findings from these intoxications.Consumption of NPS exerts health problems and unknown risks for the users. Data on toxicity of many NPS are scarce or nonexistent and long-term toxicity and risks are still largely unknown. In addition, purity and composition of products containing NPS are often inconsistent or not known, which places users at high risk as evidenced by hospital emergency admissions and deaths.The most serious threat to drug users are the synthetic opioids that with strong central nervous depressant effects have caused numerous accidental deaths spread over the entire globe. The synthetic cannabinoids seem to be the most unpredictable with no clear toxidrome and unknown or poorly understood mechanisms of toxicity, but with adverse effects pointing toward the cardiovascular system. The toxidromes commonly encountered after ingestion of cathinones and phenethylamines are of sympathomimetic and hallucinogenic character, which includes risk of developing a serotonin syndrome, excited delirium, and life-threatening cardiovascular effects. In comparison to their conventional "parent" drug, i.e., heroin, cannabis, and amphetamine, most NPS appear to exhibit more severe adverse effects. The deaths attributed to NPS have dramatically increased in the last years. In our opinion, this is because of the shift from synthetic cannabinoids and cathinones to the even more toxic and dangerously potent fentanyl analogues.

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The Nontoxic Ingestion

Cited by 34 publications

References 8 publications

Epidemiology of Poisoning and Perception towards Poison Management Guidelines in Pediatricians of a Rural Children's Hospital in India

Epidemiology of Poisoning and Perception towards Poison Management Guidelines in Pediatricians of a Rural Children's Hospital in India

Nontoxic ingestion

Fatal Poisonings Associated with New Psychoactive Substances

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