The nitric oxide synthase 2 pathway is targeted by both pro- and anti-inflammatory treatments in the immature human intestine

Ferretti, Emanuela; Tremblay, Éric; Thibault, Maxime; Grynspan, David; Burghardt, Karolina; Bettolli, Marcos; Babakissa, Corentin; Lévy, Émile; Beaulieu, Jean‐François

doi:10.1016/j.niox.2017.03.003

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Interestingly, during the present study, BPA caused an increase in the number of fibers immunoreactive to both anti- and pro-inflammatory neuronal factors. The mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon are not known, but a similar situation was observed during studies concerning the influence of BPA on the innervation supplying the other internal organs [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

The Influence of Bisphenol a on the Nitrergic Nervous Structures in the Domestic Porcine Uterus

Rytel

Gonkowski

2020

IJMS

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Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most common environmental pollutants among endocrine disruptors. Due to its similarity to estrogen, BPA may affect estrogen receptors and show adverse effects on many internal organs. The reproductive system is particularly vulnerable to the impact of BPA, but knowledge about BPA-induced changes in the innervation of the uterus is relatively scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of various doses of BPA on nitrergic nerves supplying the uterus with the double immunofluorescence method. It has been shown that even low doses of BPA caused an increase in the number of nitrergic nerves in the uterine wall and changed their neurochemical characterization. During the present study, changes in the number of nitrergic nerves simultaneously immunoreactive to substance P, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide, and/or cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript were found under the influence of BPA. The obtained results strongly suggest that nitrergic nerves in the uterine wall participate in adaptive and/or protective processes aimed at homeostasis maintenance in the uterine activity under the impact of BPA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

The Influence of Bisphenol a on the Nitrergic Nervous Structures in the Domestic Porcine Uterus

Rytel

Gonkowski

2020

IJMS

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“…iNOS is mainly located in immune cells and activated by proinflammatory cytokines during inflammation and pathogen response. Sustained upregulation of iNOS in the intestinal mucosa is known to occur in preterm infants during the development of NEC [ 20 ]. In a neonatal rat model of NEC, increased concentration of iNOS caused by LPS was found in the intestinal mesentery in the late stage of the disease [ 21 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Oxidative Stress In the Pathogenesis Of Necmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FMT eliminated superoxide production and promoted NO production, contrasting eNOS uncoupling. Furthermore, Ferretti et al [ 20 ] identified iNOS as a potential mediator of the effects of both epithelial growth factor and indomethacin, which were, respectively, associated to positive and detrimental effects on the immature human gut. Their findings further indicate that the modulation of the NOS-NO pathway may represent a therapeutic opportunity for NEC.…”

Section: Exploring the “Milky Way”: Reducing Oxidative Stress By Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Pathogenetic Mechanisms, Opportunities for Intervention, and Role of Human Milk

Aceti

Beghetti

Martini

et al. 2018

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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This review will examine the role of oxidative stress (OS) in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and explore potential preventive and therapeutic antioxidant strategies. Preterm infants are particularly exposed to OS as a result of several perinatal stimuli and constitutive defective antioxidant defenses. For this reason, OS damage represents a contributing factor to several complications of prematurity, including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Being NEC a multifactorial disease, OS may act as downstream component of the pathogenetic cascade. To counteract OS in preterm infants with NEC, several antioxidant strategies have been proposed and different antioxidant compounds have been experimented. It is well known that human milk (HM) is an important source of antioxidants. At the same time, the role of an exclusive HM diet is well recognized in the prevention of NEC. However, donor HM (DHM) processing may impair antioxidant properties. As DHM is becoming a common nutritional intervention for high risk PI, the antioxidant status of preterm and DHM and potential ways to preserve its antioxidant capacity may merit further investigation.

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“…The result is the disturbance of the aforementioned functions, affecting gap junctions, altering the nourishment of gut cells, and favouring translocation which increases the risk of sepsis. 193 Something similar can happen in the respiratory system, because NOS2 is found in epithelial cells 194 and the highest concentration of nitric oxide in the exhaled breathe comes from the inducible isoform. 172 This means that the constitutive nitric oxide synthases, that is the neuronal (nNOS) and the endothelial (eNOS), make a little contribution despite they are also present in the airways.…”

Section: Sectionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Intestinal Perspective of COVID-19: NOS2 and AOC1 Genes as Epidemiological Factors, and a Homeopathic Approach to their Functional Improvement

Macías¹

2020

Homœopathic Links

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The new pandemic disease COVID-19 has wreaked havoc worldwide. Its infectious agent, SARS-CoV-2, uses two key human enzymes called angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) to invade body cells. The first one is encoded by the ACE2 gene and the second by the TMPRSS2 gene. Both have an outstanding expression of RNA and proteins in the small intestine compared with other tissues. This prominent location may be related to the main entry route of SARS-CoV-2 into the organism. In the process of infection, two other genes can play a fundamental role: NOS2, which expresses inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and AOC1, which encodes diamine oxidase (DAO). Both also highlight in the small intestine and are involved in polyamine metabolism. These biogenic amines are important for viral replication, being enhanced when NOS2 and AOC1 genes are downregulated. In addition, NOS2 shows a negative correlation with ACE2 and TMPRSS2, while nondegraded histamine by DAO can lead to an upregulation of both genes on which the virus depends. Taken together, these data suggest that inhibition or underexpression of NOS2 and AOC1 determines the susceptibility to get sick, increasing the risk of infection. On the other hand, a therapeutic approach to the disease could be made with homeopathic medicines. Experiments show the remedies' ability to stimulate gene and protein expression, but a correlation between the symptoms of each drug and these expressions has not yet been established. Here an analysis of the pathogenesis of Silicea terra and Arsenicum album supported on the scientific literature is done. The objective is to propose a theory about their relationship with key genes whose protein expressed in deficiency can give rise to the chain of events that imbalance the internal environment (homeostasis) and allow the development of symptoms. Silicea seems to be related to NOS2 (gene)/iNOS (protein) and Arsenicum with AOC1 (gene)/DAO (protein), being necessary to carry out studies to corroborate these links. Therefore, the aim of this article is to show the importance of NOS2 and AOC1 genes in the development of COVID-19 and to propose a line of investigation to evaluate if homeopathy can improve their protein expression.

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The nitric oxide synthase 2 pathway is targeted by both pro- and anti-inflammatory treatments in the immature human intestine

Cited by 18 publications

References 80 publications

The Influence of Bisphenol a on the Nitrergic Nervous Structures in the Domestic Porcine Uterus

The Influence of Bisphenol a on the Nitrergic Nervous Structures in the Domestic Porcine Uterus

Oxidative Stress and Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Pathogenetic Mechanisms, Opportunities for Intervention, and Role of Human Milk

The Intestinal Perspective of COVID-19: NOS2 and AOC1 Genes as Epidemiological Factors, and a Homeopathic Approach to their Functional Improvement

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