The nexus between meteorological parameters and COVID-19 pandemic: case of Islamabad, Pakistan

Rehman, Abdul; Ashraf, Fatima; Javed, Zeeshan; Hussain, Mudassar; Farooq, Taimoor Hassan; Shakoor, Awais; Shahzad, Sher Muhammad

doi:10.1007/s42398-020-00125-x

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Alternatively, the result is consistent to the findings by Babu et al (2020) which do not report any significant correlation between temperature, humidity, and COVID-19 cases in Delhi, India. Similar case is also evident in the study by Rehman et al (2020), where the authors opine no relationship of higher temperature and humidity with COVID-19 proliferation in Islamabad, Pakistan. In the case of Sri Lanka, humidity and wind speed exhibit the most noteworthy impact on the confirmed cases (at 5% and 1% significant level), which is also evident from the results proven by Jayadevan et al (2021) where 87% humidity in Colombo resulted in a surge in infections across the city.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Econometric analysis of COVID-19 cases, deaths, and meteorological factors in South Asia

Jain

Sharma

Goyal³

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The pandemic has affected almost 74 million people worldwide as of 17 December 2020. This is the first study that attempts to examine the nexus between the confirmed COVID-19 cases, deaths, meteorological factors, and the air pollutant namely PM2.5 in six South Asian countries, from 1 March 2020 to 30 June 2020, using the advanced econometric techniques that are robust to heterogeneity across nations. Our findings confirm (1) a strong cross-sectional dependence and significant correlation between COVID-19 cases, deaths, meteorological factors, and air pollutant; (2) long-term relationship between all the meteorological variables, air pollutant, and COVID-19 death cases; (3) temperature, air pressure, and humidity exhibit a significant impact on the COVID-19 confirmed cases, while COVID-19 confirmed cases and air pollutant PM2.5 have a statistically significant impact on the COVID-19 death cases. In this way, the conclusion that high temperature and high humidity increase the transmission of the COVID-19 infections can also be applied to the regions with greater transmission rates, where the minimum temperature is mostly over 21°C and humidity ranges around 80% for months. From the findings, it is evident that majority of the meteorological factors and air pollutant PM2.5 exhibit significant negative and positive effects on the number of COVID-19 confirmed cases and death cases in the six countries under study. Air pollutant PM 2.5 provides more particle surface for the virus to stick and get transported longer distances. Hence, higher particulate pollution levels in the air increase COVID-19 transmission in these six South Asian countries. This information is vital for the government and public health authorities in formulating relevant policies. The study contributes both practically and theoretically to the concerned field of pandemic management. Highlights• To examine the nexus among the COVID-19 confirmed cases, deaths, meteorological factors, and the air pollutant namely PM2.5 in six South Asian countries, from 1 March 2020 to 30 June 2020, employing advanced econometric techniques • Strong cross-sectional dependence and significant correlation among COVID-19 cases, deaths, meteorological factors, and the air pollutant • Temperature air pressure and humidity exhibit a significant impact on the COVID-19 confirmed cases in the six countries • COVID-19 confirmed cases and air pollutant PM2.5 have a statistically significant impact on the COVID-19 death cases • Results assist government and public health authorities in formulating the policies for containing, mitigating, and surveillance of COVID-19 in different countries

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Econometric analysis of COVID-19 cases, deaths, and meteorological factors in South Asia

Jain

Sharma

Goyal³

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…The influence of season and climate parameters, precisely atmospheric temperature, and humidity, on many viruses, were mentioned in several previous studies [2,3,34,35]. Similar to the above, many studies showed an inverse association between air temperature and COVID-19 spreading [36][37][38][39][40], with a significant correlation between recovery time and solar radiation exposure [41]. Solar radiation, specifically UV radiation, has the ability to inactivate the virus and boost the immune system through vitamin-D preparation and thereby slow the infection rate [42][43][44][45]…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

Does Climate Play Any Role in COVID-19 Spreading?—An Australian Perspective

Abraham

Turville

Dowling

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Compared to other countries, the COVID-19 pandemic did not severely affect Australia as measured by total deaths until mid-2021. Though a substantial number of daily confirmed cases (up to 698) were reported during the second wave, most of them were from the southern state of Victoria. This study examined the possible correlations between climate variables and the number of daily confirmed COVID-19 cases in Victoria, Australia, from 25 January to 31 October 2020. Appropriate regression models and cross-correlation diagnostics were used to examine the effect of temperature, rainfall, solar exposure, and ultraviolet index (UVI) with the number of daily confirmed cases. Significant positive associations were identified for solar exposure and maximum and average UVI for confirmed cases one and 19 days later. Negative associations for these variables were found for confirmed cases five days later. Minimum temperature had a significant negative correlation one day later and a positive effect 21 days later. No significant correlation was found for maximum temperature and rainfall. The most significant relationships were found for confirmed cases 19 days after changes in the meteorological variables. A 1% increase in solar exposure, maximum UVI, and average UVI was associated with a 0.31% (95% CI: 0.13 to 0.51), 0.71% (95% CI: 0.43 to 0.98), and 0.63% (95%CI: 0.20 to 1.61) increase 19 days later in the number of confirmed cases, respectively. The implications of these results can be used in the public health management of any possible future events in Australia. It also highlights the significance of considering the climatic variables and seasonality in all kinds of epidemics and pandemics.

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“…Most recent studies related to the emission of pollutants during the COVID-19 pandemic have evaluated changes in air quality compared with a period prior to the lockdown (Aydin et al 2020 ; Bashir et al 2020 ; Collivignarelli et al 2020 ; Dantas et al 2020 ; Mahato et al 2020 ; Muhammad et al 2020 ; Nakada and Urban 2020 ; Otmani et al 2020 ; Rodríguez-Urrego and Rodríguez-Urrego 2020 ; Sarkar et al 2020 ; Sicard et al 2020 ). Some authors sought to correlate other aspects, such as climatic variables and the spread or lethality of COVID-19 (Conticini et al 2020 ; Fattorini and Regoli 2020 ; Guo et al 2020 ; Hendryx and Luo 2020 ; Jahangiri et al 2020 ; Kerimray et al 2020 ; Ogen 2020 ; Prata et al 2020 ; Rehman et al 2020 ; Singh et al 2020 ; Qi et al 2020 ). The effect of mobility habits in the spread of the Coronavirus in Italy was analyzed by Cartenì et al ( 2020 ) in Italy, while Bao and Zhang ( 2020 ) related mobility indices to air quality in the lockdown period in Chinese cities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: Has social isolation reduced the emission of pollutants in the megacity of São Paulo—Brazil?

Noda

Nóbrega

Júnior

et al. 2021

Environ Dev Sustain

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The nexus between meteorological parameters and COVID-19 pandemic: case of Islamabad, Pakistan

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Econometric analysis of COVID-19 cases, deaths, and meteorological factors in South Asia

Econometric analysis of COVID-19 cases, deaths, and meteorological factors in South Asia

Does Climate Play Any Role in COVID-19 Spreading?—An Australian Perspective

COVID-19: Has social isolation reduced the emission of pollutants in the megacity of São Paulo—Brazil?

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