The New Look at Neutrophilic Granulocytes: Rethinking Old Dogmas. Part 2

Нестерова, И. В.; Колесникова, Н. В.; Чудилова, Г. А.; Ломтатидзе, Л В; Ковалева, С. В.; Евглевский, А. А.; Нгуен, Т.З. Л.

doi:10.15789/2220-7619-2018-1-7-18

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…НФ являются самой многочисленной популяцией клеток крови (45-75%), что связано с их незаменимой ролью в реализации неспецифического реагирования на любые повреждения инфекционной и неинфекционной этиологии [19][20][21]. Отличительной особенностью строения НФ является наличие сегментированного на 3-5 фрагментов ядра и мелких гранул в цитоплазме.…”

Section: особенности строения и функционирования нфunclassified

“…Недавно стало известно о том, что популяция НФ является неоднородной. По спектру продуцируемых рецепторов, маркеров и выполняемых функций они были разделены на несколько субпопуляций [21,23]. НФ могут быть разделены на следую-…”

Section: особенности строения и функционирования нфunclassified

“…Для реализации цели был проведен поиск статей по базе данных PubMed за период 2015-2018гг. щие субпопуляции: провоспалительные; воспалительные с позитивным микробицидным потенциалом; воспалительные с негативным цитотоксическим потенциалом -"агрессивные"; противовоспалительные -регулирующие регрессию воспаления; противоопухолевые и гибридные, сочетающие свойства НФ и дендритных клеток [21].…”

Section: стратегия поискаunclassified

“…Ранее считалось, что основная функция НФ, это реализация врожденного иммунитета посредством фагоцитоза бактериальных агентов. Однако в настоящее время накоплено достаточно информации, свидетельствующей о более разнообразных и многочисленных функциях НФ [20,21]. Они принимают участие в регуляции иммунного ответа, посредством продукции про-и противовоспалительных цитокинов, способных к дегрануляции биологически активных веществ, продукции активных форм кислорода (АФК), образованию внеклеточных ловушек [20].…”

Section: стратегия поискаunclassified

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The role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis

Саранчина

Дутова

Килина

et al. 2018

Cardiovasc Ther Prev

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Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the causes of cardiovascular disease. The formation of atherosclerotic lesions of the arteries is a long process, and clinical symptoms appear already at the stage of atherosclerotic plaque (ASB), which prevents blood flow and can cause coronary heart disease, as well as acute coronary syndrome. The study of atherosclerosis mechanisms at the subclinical level is relevant. This article provides a summary of current data on the structure and functions of neutrophils (NF) in physiological processes. Particular attention is paid to the participation of neutrophils in the damage and formation of vascular endothelial dysfunction. Discusses several mechanisms of involvement of neutrophils in atherogenesis: the production of reactive oxygen species, which cause direct endothelial damage; the synthesis of cytokines that trigger the migration of leukocytes in inflammation; the formation of protein complexes with cholesterol, contributing to their deposition in the vessels, and neutrophil traps, triggering destructivealterative reactions. Conflicts of interest: nothing to declare.Funding. The results were obtained in the framework of the state task № 17.9545.2017/BCh of the Ministry of education and science of Russia. Роль нейтрофилов в патогенезе атеросклерозаСаранчина Ю. В., Дутова С. В., Килина О. Ю., Ханарин Н. В., Кулакова Т. С. ФГБОУ ВО "Хакасский государственный университет им. Н. Ф. Катанова". Абакан, Россия Атеросклероз (АС) является одной из причин сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Формирование атеросклеротического поражения артерий -длительный процесс, а клинические симптомы проявляются уже на стадии атеросклеротической бляшки, которая стенозируя сосуд, препятствует кровотоку, и может вызвать ишемическую болезнь сердца, а также острый коронарный синдром. В связи с чем, изучение механизмов АС на субклиническом уровне является актуальным. В представленной статье приводятся обобщенные современные данные о строении и функциях нейтрофилов (НФ) в физиологических процессах. Особое внимание в обзоре уделено участию НФ в повреждении и формировании дисфункции эндотелия сосудов как одного из основных звеньев патогенеза АС. Обсуждается несколько возможных механизмов участия НФ в атерогенезе: продукция активных форм кислорода, вызывающих непосредственное повреждение эндотелия; синтез цитокинов, активирующих миграцию лейкоцитов в очаг воспаления; образование белковых комплексов с холестерином, способствующих их отложе-нию в сосудах, и формирование нейтрофильных ловушек, запускающих деструктивно-альтеративные реакции. Ключевые слова: нейтрофилы, атеросклероз, атеросклеротическая бляшка, нейтрофильные ловушки, нейтрофильная эластаза, нейтрофильный желатиназо-ассоциированный липокалин.Конфликт интересов: не заявлен.Финансирование. Результаты получены в рамках выполнения государственного задания № 17.9545.2017/БЧ Минобрнауки России.Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. 2018;17(6):110-116 http://dx.

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Section: особенности строения и функционирования нфunclassified

Section: стратегия поискаunclassified

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The role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis

Саранчина

Дутова

Килина

et al. 2018

Cardiovasc Ther Prev

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“…At the heart of the diseases of the gastroduodenal zone there is an inflammatory process against the background of changes in the mucosal microbiota [1,4]. The chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa developed and supported by induction of Helicobacter pylori and other microorganisms of secretion of epithelial cells and immune cells as pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines [2][3][4][5]. In conditions of dysbiosis and immune dysregulation gastric…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokines as Predictors of Intestinal Metaplasia of Stomach

Матвеева

2019

Med. immunol.

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An inflammatory process accompanied by the changes in mucosal microbiota is underlying the gastroduodenal diseases. Chronic inflammation of gastric mucosa is developed and supported by secretion of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines by epithelial cells and immune cells induced by Helicobacter pylori and other microorganisms. Under the conditions of dysbiosis and immune dysregulation, gastric epithelial layer becomes like intestinal or colonic epithelium. The aim of this work was to determine diagnostic and prognostic value of cytokines in intestinal metaplasia of gastric epithelium. 204 patients with exacerbation of chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastric polyposis and 40 healthy volunteers were included into the study, under their informed consent. The gastric biopsies were sampled by means of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (for histological and microbiological examination), along with drawing 5 ml of venous blood with serum separation (for enzyme immunoassay). Serum cytokine levels were studied by solidphase enzyme immunoassay. In statistical evaluation of the results, we have calculated sensitivity, specificity of indexes, logistic regression equations, characteristic curves were built with the definition of the index of consistency of the model by the area under the curves (AUC).Histological examination of gastric biopsies showed features of intestinal metaplasia in 61 patients (29.90%), colonic metaplasia was found in 40 cases (19.61%), being absent in healthy volunteers. The greatest sensitivity of intestinal metaplasia was observed for plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-4, erythropoietin (EPO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, IL-18, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interferon (IFN)α levels; in colonic metaplasia, for receptor antagonist IL-1β (IL-1ra), IL-8, EPO, IL-18, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, VEGF, IFNα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17. An increase in IL-6, EPO, IL-18, VEGF, IFNα were also common, thus indicative for changed functional activity of cytokines due to microbial contamination of gastric mucosa, tissue hypoxia with activation of angiogenesis, confirming a transition of intestinal metaplasia to gastric carcinogenesis. The greatest specificity in intestinal metaplasia was observed for IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-8, IL-17, IL-2, IL-10; in colonic metaplasia, for IL-18, IFNα, IL-4, МСР-1, VEGF. In the intestinal metaplasia, the AUC interval was higher than 0.7 for IL-2, higher than 0.65, in VEG; in colonic metaplasia > 0.91, for IL- 18, VEGF, МСР-1, IFNα, having a significance level of < 0.001. The obtained prognostic models of intestinal metaplasia of gastric epithelium, according to the AUC index, had very good (Table 2, formula 1) and excellent quality (Table 2, 3, formula 2-11), confirmed by a high percent of cases which were correctly classified of metaplasia. Determination of serum cytokines in intestinal metaplasia of gastric epithelium is of diagnostic and prognostic value, and should be used for early diagnosis of precancerous conditions of the gastric mucosa, both as single indexes (IL-2, VEGF), and combined indicators, according to the calculated logistic regression equations.

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Dysfunctions of Neutrophilic Granulocytes in Children With Congenital Cleft Lip and Palate

et al. 2019

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The problem of rehabilitation of children with congenital cleft lip and palate (CCLP) is a difficult task and doesn’t lose its relevance. Children with CCLP often suffer from repeated acute viral and bacterial infections of the respiratory tract and upper respiratory tract, which leads to a forced delay in surgical, orthodontic treatment, adequate speech therapy and complications after staged surgical operations. The development of inflammatory processes in children with CCLP is associated with anatomical and topographic features that facilitate the penetration of pathogenic microflora in oral and nose mucosa and, consequently, negative changes in the immune system (IS). The key cells of IS in maintaining homeostasis and ensuring oral health are neutrophil granulocytes (NG). NG dysfunctions in CCLP interfere with the elimination of pathogens and support their persistence. This can occur against the background of previously existing defects in the functioning of the NG system and is aggravated by the significant pathogenicity and massiveness of the impact of various infectious agents. Full diagnostics of NG dysfunctions is necessary for the further implementation of their timely immune correction and prevention of the development of pathological chronic inflammation in response to the pathogenic microflora long-term on the mucous membrane of the mouth and nose. For this purpose study was conducted of the functional activity and phenotypic characteristics of NG in children with CCLP at different stages of complex rehabilitation. Blood samples of 56 children with CCLP 1-3 years (n = 20, group 1), 4-6 years (n = 20, group 2), and 7-12 years (n = 20, group 3) at different stages of complex rehabilitation and 30 conditionally healthy children (control groups) of the corresponding age was studied. A violation of the microbiocenosis of the mucous membranes of the oral and nasal cavities was revealed, which may be a cause or a consequence of a decrease in antibacterial immunity, first of all NG dysfunctions. Common for all age groups children with CCLP NG dysfunction was found: the appearance of NG expressing CD14 receptors that are absent in children of all three control groups, which indicates the presence of viral and bacterial load; defects of phagocytosis associated with a decrease in the number of actively phagocytic NG, impaired NG capture functions; impaired NADPH oxidase release with partial or complete blockade of the response to additional antigenic load, even in the absence of acute clinical manifestations. Comparative analysis of the studied indicators of the expression level of the receptors CD64, CD16, CD32, CD14 NG in children with CCLP demonstrates different equipment, which determines the inconsistency of the phagocytic and microbicidal function of NG in different age periods. Thus, an increase in the expression of these membrane markers, especially CD64 and CD14, in older age groups is accompanied by more significant defects in phagocytic and killing functions of NG, which is associated not only with recurrent viral respiratory infections, but also with a high frequency of associated bacterial infections of the respiratory system and ENT – organs. Revealed NG dysfunctions in children with CCLP of various age groups indicate their inability to implement adequate anti-infective protection, which can lead to atypically occurring viral – bacterial infections and the occurrence of various, including purulent complications in the postoperative period, which requires the development of targeted immunotherapy, included in the program of comprehensive rehabilitation in children with CCLP and aimed at restoring impaired NG functions.

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The New Look at Neutrophilic Granulocytes: Rethinking Old Dogmas. Part 2

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

The role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis

The role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis

Cytokines as Predictors of Intestinal Metaplasia of Stomach

Dysfunctions of Neutrophilic Granulocytes in Children With Congenital Cleft Lip and Palate

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