The new agreement of the international RIGA consensus conference on nasal airway function tests

Abstract

The report reflects an agreement based on the consensus conference of the International Standardization Committee on the Objective Assessment of the Nasal Airway in Riga, 2nd Nov. 2016. The aim of the conference was to address the existing nasal airway function tests and to take into account physical, mathematical and technical correctness as a base of international standardization as well as the requirements of the Council Directive 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning medical devices. Rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry, peak nasal inspiratory flow, Odiosoft-Rhino, optical rhinometry, 24-h measurements, computational fluid dynamics, nasometry and the mirrow test were evaluated for important diagnostic criteria, which are the precision of the equipment including calibration and the software applied; validity with sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, reliability with intra-individual and inter-individual reproducibility and responsiveness in clinical studies. For rhinomanometry, the logarithmic effective resistance was set as the parameter of high diagnostic relevance. In acoustic rhinometry, the area of interest for the minimal cross-sectional area will need further standardization. Peak nasal inspiratory flow is a reproducible and fast test, which showed a high range of mean values in different studies. The state of the art with computational fluid dynamics for the simulation of the airway still depends on high performance computing hardware and will, after standardization of the software and both the software and hardware for imaging protocols, certainly deliver a better understanding of the nasal airway flux.

Relationships among nasal resistance, age and anthropometric parameters of the nose during growth

“…Comprehensive clinical material of 36,500 unilateral measurements, a classification of nasal obstruction, and statistically significant data regarding the calculated total nasal resistance were published in 2015 and 2016 (8,9) . The measurement methods and the correctness of the parameters in four-phase rhinomanometry were confirmed at the 2016 ISCOANA conference and now represent the new standard in rhinomanometry (10) . The current classification of nasal obstruction in adults is only valid for the Caucasian population.…”

“…Step Pa are remnants of the graphical evaluation of rhinomanometric curves and that these values are not related to the subjective sensing of obstruction. Therefore, we followed the new standard (10) in the present study, restricting the parameters to those for which a classification of obstruction in adults was published. The derivation of the parameters has been previously described (3) .…”

Entering a new era of Predictive Medicine in Rhinology

“…Nasal patency measurements are subject to an ongoing quest for the best possible objective tool for quantification of flow, resistance and nasal cycle. In this context, you might find the study of Pendolino et al (12) and the report of the RIGA consensus conference on nasal airway function tests (13) inspiring.…”

Zonal Flow Solver (ZFS): a highly efficient multi-physics simulation framework

“…Grimmen, C. Günther, S. Habbinga, D. Hartmann, S. Hemchandra, A. Henze, J. Kraus, E. Krause, R.P. Kunnen, F. Klemp, A. Nechyporenko, F. Peters, D. Pleiter, A. Pogorelov, T. Rister, B. Roidl (Meinke et al 2002(Meinke et al , 2013Ewert and Schröder 2003;Freitas and Schröder 2008;Hartmann, Meinke, and Schröder 2008a, 2008b, 2008cEitel, Soodt, and Schlottke-Lakemper et al 2017; Schröder 2017a, 2017b;Pogorelov et al 2018;Vogt et al 2018;Waldmann et al 2020;Lintermann, Pleiter, and Schröder 2019;Schlottke-Lakemper et al 2019) who contributed with their work to the functionality and features of ZFS, and the results presented in this manuscript. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Gauss Centre for Supercomputing e.V.…”

“…,,Eitel, Soodt, and Schröder (2010),Freitas et al (2011),,,Eitel-Amor, Meinke, and Schröder 2013, Lintermann and Schröder (2017a,Waldmann et al (2020), andVogt et al (2018).…”