The Neuropsychology of Borderline Personality Disorder: Relationship With Clinical Dimensions and Comparison With Other Personality Disorders

Seres, Imola; Unoka, Zsolt; Bódi, Nikoletta; Aspan, Nikoletta; Kéri, Szabolcs

doi:10.1521/pedi.2009.23.6.555

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This pattern parallels previous findings of medium to large effect sizes for cognitive deficits across a range of cluster A and B disorders, including schizotypal (61), antisocial (62), and borderline (63, 64) personality disorders. The main factor leading to greater overall cognitive deficits in relatives of schizophrenia probands than in relatives of bipolar probands was that relatives of schizophrenia probands as a group demonstrated cognitive deficits regardless of whether cluster A or B personality traits were present, while relatives of bipolar probands did not.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Neuropsychological Impairments in Schizophrenia and Psychotic Bipolar Disorder: Findings from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) Study

Hill

Reilly

Keefe

et al. 2013

AJP

331

257

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Objective Familial neuropsychological deficits are well established in schizophrenia but remain less well characterized in other psychotic disorders. This study from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) consortium 1) compares cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis, 2) tests a continuum model of cognitive dysfunction in psychotic disorders, 3) reports familiality of cognitive impairments across psychotic disorders, and 4) evaluates cognitive impairment among nonpsychotic relatives with and without cluster A personality traits. Method Participants included probands with schizophrenia (N=293), psychotic bipolar disorder (N=227), schizoaffective disorder (manic, N=110; depressed, N=55), their first-degree relatives (N=316, N=259, N=133, and N=64, respectively), and healthy comparison subjects (N=295). All participants completed the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) neuropsychological battery. Results Cognitive impairments among psychotic probands, compared to healthy comparison subjects, were progressively greater from bipolar disorder (z=−0.77) to schizoaffective disorder (manic z=−1.08; depressed z=−1.25) to schizophrenia (z=−1.42). Profiles across subtests of the BACS were similar across disorders. Familiality of deficits was significant and comparable in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Of particular interest were similar levels of neuropsychological deficits in relatives with elevated cluster A personality traits across proband diagnoses. Nonpsychotic relatives of schizophrenia probands without these personality traits exhibited significant cognitive impairments, while relatives of bipolar probands did not. Conclusions Robust cognitive deficits are present and familial in schizophrenia and psychotic bipolar disorder. Severity of cognitive impairments across psychotic disorders was consistent with a continuum model, in which more prominent affective features and less enduring psychosis were associated with less cognitive impairment. Cognitive dysfunction in first-degree relatives is more closely related to psychosis-spectrum personality disorder traits in psychotic bipolar disorder than in schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Neuropsychological Impairments in Schizophrenia and Psychotic Bipolar Disorder: Findings from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) Study

Hill

Reilly

Keefe

et al. 2013

AJP

331

257

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Of note, patients with BPD included in neuropsychological studies often present with comorbid psychiatric conditions, including major depressive disorder. In a cross-sectional study [43], borderline patients showed deficits in attention and immediate and delayed recall, with relatively preserved visuospatial and language functions compared with controls. Nevertheless, in this study, there were no significant differences between BPD and other personality disorders regarding neuropsychological deficits.…”

Section: Neutral Findings or Evidence Opposing Borderline Personalmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Limits between Bipolar Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder: A Review of the Evidence

Sanches

2019

Diseases

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Bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder are among the most frequently diagnosed psychiatric conditions. However, the nosological aspects and diagnostic boundaries of both conditions have historically been the object of considerable controversy. The present paper critically analyzes this debate, in light of available evidence. Clinical and neurobiological differences between bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder are discussed, as well as the factors possibly involved in the overlap between both conditions and the potential implications of this.

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“…Some groups have reported working memory deficits in BPD populations (14)(15)(16)(17), while others have not (18)(19)(20). In particular, one recent study reported that patients with BPD showed specific deficient attention and immediate and delayed memory (21) which correlated to impulsivity. Moreover, our group previously reported that the mechanism of actively improving recall of neutral memory contents through repetition of retrieval is impaired in BPD patients (22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired working memory and normal sustained attention in borderline personality disorder

Lazzaretti

Morandotti

Sala

et al. 2012

Acta Neuropsychiatr.

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P. Impaired working memory and normal sustained attention in borderline personality disorder.Objective: Although reports in the literature describe deficits in working memory in borderline personality disorder (BPD), the evidence is limited and inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate further this cognitive dimension and its clinical correlates in BPD. Method: We compared the performance of 15 BPD patients to 1:1 matched healthy controls on verbal working memory as determined by the sequential letter N-back test and sustained attention as measured using the continuous performance test (CPT). Results: BPD patients performed significantly worse on the N-back test compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05), but not on the CPT. The N-back deficit was more pronounced and significant in the 3-back condition and inversely correlated with impulsivity. Conclusions: These results suggest the presence of working memory deficits in BPD that may be linked to greater impulsivity and sustained by impairment in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

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The Neuropsychology of Borderline Personality Disorder: Relationship With Clinical Dimensions and Comparison With Other Personality Disorders

Cited by 28 publications

References 3 publications

Neuropsychological Impairments in Schizophrenia and Psychotic Bipolar Disorder: Findings from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) Study

Neuropsychological Impairments in Schizophrenia and Psychotic Bipolar Disorder: Findings from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) Study

The Limits between Bipolar Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder: A Review of the Evidence

Impaired working memory and normal sustained attention in borderline personality disorder

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