The neuropsychiatric aspects of influenza/swine flu: A selective review

Manjunatha, N; Math, Suresh Bada; Kulkarni, Girish Baburao; Chaturvedi, Santosh K.

doi:10.4103/0972-6748.102479

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…However, the presence of neuroradiological diagnosis suggests that the phenotype observed in patients may be a cause of direct viral invasion into the CNS (Paiva et al, 2013 ; Paksu et al, 2018 ). Besides the neurological signs described above, a study in Japan reveals that patients with neurological manifestations also had mild impairment of consciousness, typically delirium or hallucinations and abnormal behavior among others, which belongs to the neuropsychiatric disorders (Manjunatha et al, 2011 ; Mizuguchi, 2013 ). Accordingly, there is still necessary to perform more studies about the incidence of these neuropsychiatric manifestations, besides the direct evidence of this association with IV infection.…”

Section: Influenza Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurologic Alterations Due to Respiratory Virus Infections

Böhmwald

Gálvez

Ríos

et al. 2018

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

561

587

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Central Nervous System (CNS) infections are one of the most critical problems in public health, as frequently patients exhibit neurologic sequelae. Usually, CNS pathologies are caused by known neurotropic viruses such as measles virus (MV), herpes virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), among others. However, nowadays respiratory viruses have placed themselves as relevant agents responsible for CNS pathologies. Among these neuropathological viruses are the human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), the influenza virus (IV), the coronavirus (CoV) and the human metapneumovirus (hMPV). These viral agents are leading causes of acute respiratory infections every year affecting mainly children under 5 years old and also the elderly. Up to date, several reports have described the association between respiratory viral infections with neurological symptoms. The most frequent clinical manifestations described in these patients are febrile or afebrile seizures, status epilepticus, encephalopathies and encephalitis. All these viruses have been found in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which suggests that all these pathogens, once in the lungs, can spread throughout the body and eventually reach the CNS. The current knowledge about the mechanisms and routes used by these neuro-invasive viruses remains scarce. In this review article, we describe the most recent findings associated to neurologic complications, along with data about the possible invasion routes of these viruses in humans and their various effects on the CNS, as studied in animal models.

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Section: Influenza Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurologic Alterations Due to Respiratory Virus Infections

Böhmwald

Gálvez

Ríos

et al. 2018

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

561

587

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The immediate antecedent for the global transmission of a respiratory pathogen was the 2009 pandemic associated with the emergence of a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus. Several neuropsychiatric manifestations during the outbreak of influenza were observed among infected patients, including fear and behavioral changes (108). Similarly, during the SARS-CoV-1, a range of psychiatric disorders was identified, including anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, and hallucinations (109,110).…”

Section: Neuropsychiatric Manifestations Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological Aspects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Mechanisms and Manifestations

et al. 2020

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The human infection of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a public health emergency of international concern that has caused more than 16.8 million new cases and 662,000 deaths as of July 30, 2020. Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is associated with this virus, mainly affects the lungs, recent evidence from clinical and pathological studies indicates that this pathogen has a broad infective ability to spread to extrapulmonary tissues, causing multiorgan failure in severely ill patients. In this regard, there is increasing preoccupation with the neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2 due to the observation of neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients. This concern is also supported by the neurotropism previously documented in other human coronaviruses, including the 2002-2003 SARS-CoV-1 outbreak. Hence, in the current review article, we aimed to summarize the spectrum of neurological findings associated with COVID-19, which include signs of peripheral neuropathy, myopathy, olfactory dysfunction, meningoencephalitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Furthermore, we analyze the mechanisms underlying such neurological sequela and discuss possible therapeutics for patients with neurological findings associated with COVID-19. Finally, we describe the host-and pathogen-specific factors that determine the tissue tropism of SARS-CoV-2 and possible routes employed by the virus to invade the nervous system from a pathophysiological and molecular perspective. In this manner, the current manuscript contributes to increasing the current understanding of the neurological aspects of COVID-19 and the impact of the current pandemic on the neurology field.

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“…For instance, encephalitis lethargica (EL) is an inflammatory disorder of the CNS marked by hypersomnolence, psychosis, catatonia, and Parkinsonism, the incidence of which increased around the time of the "Spanish" influenza pandemic of the early 20 th century (Von Economo, 1932). During the more recent 2009 influenza (H1N1) pandemic and other coronavirus infections (SARS-CoV-1 epidemic in 2003, and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in 2012), several neuropsychiatric sequelae were reported, including narcolepsy, seizures, encephalitis, encephalopathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), and other neuromuscular and demyelinating processes (Kim et al, 2017;Manjunatha et al, 2011;Tsai et al, 2004;Wu et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%