The net energy value of diets for growth in pigs in relation to the fermentative processes in the digestive tract and the site of absorption of the nutrients

Just, A.; Fernández, J. A.; Jørgensen, Henry

doi:10.1016/0301-6226(83)90033-7

Cited by 145 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Micronization, therefore, resulted in an increase in the digestion and absorption of energy in the small intestine and a decrease of microbial fermentation of energy in the large intestine. This shift in the disappearance of energy from the large to the small intestine should also result in an improvement in the efficiency of energy utilization, as was shown by Just et al (1983) in studies with growing pigs fed diets differing in fibre content. Irrespective of whether the MHB + SBM or HB + SBM diet was fed, starch escaping digestion in the small intestine was nearly completely fermented by the microflora in the large intestine (Tables 4 and 5), which was also observed in studies by Sauer et al (1977) and Fadel et al (1989).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibility in hulless barley for young pigs

Huang¹,

Sauer²,

Pickard³

et al. 1998

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 1998. Effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibility in hulless barley for young pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 78: 81-87. Studies were carried out to determine the effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibilities in hulless barley. Six pigs (Canabrid × Camborough) were weaned at 21 d of age and fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum on days 23 or 24. The pigs were fed one of three diets with major constituents of hulless barley and soybean meal (HB + SBM), micronized hulless barley and soybean meal (MHB + SBM) and corn starch and soybean meal (C + SBM) according to a repeated Latin square design. The pigs were fed three times daily, equal amounts at 8-h intervals. The diets were supplied at a rate of 5% (wt/wt) of body weight. The average body weight of the pigs was 9.3 kg at start and 15.9 kg at the conclusion of the experiment at 58 d of age. Faeces were collected for 48 h on days 6 and 7 and ileal digesta for 24 h on days 8 and 9. Chromic oxide was used as digestibility marker. The apparent ileal amino acid digestibilities in HB and MHB were determined by the difference method. The apparent ileal digestibilities of the indispensable amino acids were higher in MHB than in HB and ranged from 5.3 to 10.0 percentage units. Of the indispensable amino acids, the differences were significant (P < 0.05) for arginine, histidine, isoleucine, phenylalanine and valine. Micronization of HB improved (P < 0.05) the ileal digestibility of starch from 79.0 to 97.3%. Micronization resulted in an increase in the digestion of energy in the small intestine and a decrease in microbial fermentation of energy in the large intestine. This shift in the disappearance of energy from the large to the small intestine should also result in an improvement in the efficiency of energy utilization. These studies show a positive effect of micronization on the digestibilities of energy and amino acids in young pigs fed HB.Key words: Micronization, barley, digestibility, pigs Huang, S. X., Sauer, W. C., Pickard, M., Li, S. et hardin, R. T. 1998. Effet de la micronisation sur la digestibilité de l'énergie, de l'amido et des acides aminés de l'orge à grain nu chez les porcelets. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 78: 81-87. Nos travaux portaient sur les effets de la micronisation sur la digestibilité de l'énergie, de l'amidon et des acides aminés de l'orge à grain nu. Six porcs (Canabrid x Camborough) étaient sevrés à 21 jours et étaient munis à 23 ou 24 jours d'une canule en T simple à la partie distale de l'iléon. Ils recevaient ensuite l'un de trois régimes alimentaires dont les composantes principales étaient : orge à grain nu et le tourteau de soja (ON + TS), orge nue micronisée et tourteau de soja (ONM + TS) et amidon de maïs et tourteau de soja (AM + TS) selon un dispositif en carrés latins répétés. Il y avait trois repas de quantité égale par jour, à 8 h d'intervalle. La ration était servie à raison de 5 % (en poids) du poids corporel. Le poids corporel moyen des porcs était de 9,3 au début et de 15,...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibility in hulless barley for young pigs

Huang¹,

Sauer²,

Pickard³

et al. 1998

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…The proportion of NE derived from the ME fraction originating from fermentative digestion was shown to be low in pigs, compared with other ME sources (Just et al, 1983;Noblet et al, 1994). Thus, dietary fibre content and digestion were important sources of variation in the NE/ME ratio of diets and feedstuffs for pigs (Noblet et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It appears from these reviews that the number of studies devoted to NE calculation was much more limited in poultry than in ruminants or pigs. In ruminants or pigs, the interest in using NE instead of DE or ME comes from the fact that the NE/DE or NE/ME ratios are affected by the extent of fibre digestion (Jarrige, 1980;Just et al, 1983;Noblet et al, 1994). In poultry, the extent of fibre digestion is very low (Carré et al, 1990), which would decrease variations in NE/ME ratios and thus, would reduce the interest of an NE system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of the net energy value of broiler diets

Carré

Lessire

Juin³

2014

Animal

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Thirty pelleted diets were given to broiler chickens (eight birds per diet; 21 to 35 days of age) for individual in vivo measurements of dietary net energy (NE) value, using three trials with 10 diets/trial. Amino acid formulation of diets was done on the basis of ratios to CP. NE was measured according to the body analysis method. The basal metabolism component of NE values was calculated on the basis of mean metabolic weight using a coefficient obtained in a previous experiment. Information about apparent metabolisable energy (AME) value of diets, AME corrected to zero nitrogen retention (AMEn) and digestibilities of proteins, lipids, starch and sugars was available from a previous publication. In each trial, mean NE/AME ratios of diets varied by about 6%. From the multiple regressions (n = 30) expressing NE and AMEn values as functions of digestible component contents, it was deduced that the NE/AMEn ratios assigned to dietary components were 0.760, 0.862, 0.806, 0.690 and 0.602 for CP, lipids, starch, (sucrose + glucose) and fermentable sugars (α-galacto-oligosaccharides and lactose), respectively. The NE/AME ratio of CP was 0.680. Regression calculations showed that the NE values assigned to individual birds (n = 240) could also be predicted with diet AMEn values (NE = 0.80 AMEn; R 2 = 0.770) or with an equation combining AMEn value and CP/AMEn ratio (R 2 = 0.773). The latter ratio was found to be the only additional parameter that was significant when added in the NE regression scheme based on AMEn.

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“…Various researchers have observed negative correlations between dietary fiber levels and the utilization of ME for body energy retention in growing pigs [11,12,17], implying increased HP associated with increasing levels of fiber and, as a result, with intake of indigestible material. In contrast, in other studies no negative effects of including a fiber source in the diet on the utilization of ME for body energy retention were observed [14,21,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy cost of ingesting and excreting indigestible material in growing pigs is minimal

et al. 2006

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-The nutritive value of pig feed ingredients is generally derived from the digestible nutrient supply, while little consideration is given to the impact of indigestible material on nutrient utilization. An experiment was conducted to determine heat production (HP) associated with ingestion and excretion of indigestible material in growing pigs. Five pairs of littermate barrows were assigned to a basal diet (Basal) or to a basal diet mixed with wheat straw in a 4:1 ratio (Straw). The pigs were housed individually in metabolism crates and adjusted to feeding regimes for at least 10 d prior to measuring components of HP using indirect calorimetry. The dynamics of HP was recorded for 5 d during the fed state and during a subsequent 24 h fast. Feeding behavior, physical activity of the animals and N-balance were monitored to associate HP with feeding (HPfeed), activity and energy retention. Mean body weight (BW) of the pigs was similar (62.1 kg) for both diets. Dry matter intake (1783 vs. 2207 g·d −1 , SE 9) and fecal DM excretion (200 vs. 588 g·d −1 , SE 12) were higher (P < 0.05) in straw fed pigs, while ME intake was similar (2302 vs. 2359 kJ·kg BW −0.60 ·d −1 ; SE 28). Based on the difference method, the digestibility of DM and gross energy in straw was 15.0% (SE 3.1) and 13.3% (SE 3.9), respectively. Various aspects of energy utilization (expressed as kJ·kg BW −0.60 ·d −1 ; Basal vs. Straw) did not differ (P > 0.10) between treatments: total HP (1374 vs. 1355; SE 14), fasting HP (762 vs. 747; SE 6), activity HP (150 vs. 164; SE 15), HPfeed (452 vs. 444; SE 7), and energy retention (961 vs. 983, SE 10). The overall energy cost of ingesting and excreting indigestible material in growing pigs appears minimal and could not be identified in this experiment. pig / energy / feces / excretion / heat production

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The net energy value of diets for growth in pigs in relation to the fermentative processes in the digestive tract and the site of absorption of the nutrients

Cited by 145 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibility in hulless barley for young pigs

Effect of micronization on energy, starch and amino acid digestibility in hulless barley for young pigs

Prediction of the net energy value of broiler diets

Energy cost of ingesting and excreting indigestible material in growing pigs is minimal

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