The Nephroprotective Effect of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) and Rowanberry (Sorbus aucuparia L.) in Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity on Wistar Rats with Emphasis on the Evaluation of Novel Renal Biomarkers and the Antioxidant Capacity in Correlation with Nitro-Oxidative Stress

Abstract

In spite of its well-known nephrotoxicity, gentamicin is nonetheless routinely used in humans and animals. However, no adjuvant treatments have been implemented to mitigate this harmful effect. Given this concern, medicinal plants represent a significant reservoir of natural antioxidants that could potentially reduce the renal oxidative stress induced by gentamicin. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to investigate the nephroprotective properties of Cornus mas and Sorbus aucuparia fruits in an experimental model of nephrotoxicity. The 3-week study was performed on male Wistar rats, which were randomly divided into six experimental groups, being subcutaneously treated with 50 mg/kg gentamicin and orally given Cornus mas and Sorbus aucuparia extracts, in doses of 40 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, respectively. Antioxidant therapy significantly improved the nitro-oxidative stress parameters as well as the specific renal biomarkers KIM-1 and iNAG, demonstrating a considerable renal tubular protective impact. These outcomes were reinforced by biochemical and histopathological enhancements. Nevertheless, neither of the tested extracts succeeded in substantially diminishing BUN levels. Additionally, CysC did not significantly decline following extracts treatment, suggesting that the remedies did not effectively protect renal glomeruli against gentamicin stress. Future studies are required in order to determine the underlying mechanisms of these berries.

Evaluation of the Biological Activity of Hydrogel with Cornus mas L. Extract and Its Potential Use in Dermatology and Cosmetology

“…The differences in antioxidant activity among the tested samples resulted from different contents of biologically active compounds, which resulted from the use of different extractants during The antioxidant effect of the tested extracts and hydrogels is certainly related to the antioxidant activity of the phytochemicals contained in dogwood fruits. The chemical compounds detected during the chromatographic analysis may support the defense against high levels of ROS by influencing the activity of enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase or glutathione peroxidase [27,28]. The antioxidant effect of the tested extracts may also be the result of inhibiting or quenching free radical reactions in the tested cells.…”

Comparison of the Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Properties of Extracts from Different Cultivars of Cornus mas L.

“…Aurori et al reported a protective effect of dogwood fruits (at a dose of 40 mg/kg) on renal tubules in studies on Wistar rats [39]. In their study on kidney epithelial cells (Vero), Yarim et al also showed that a cornelian fruit extract (in a concentration range of 1-100 µg/mL) protected cells against in vitro oxidative damage caused by cisplatin [40].…”

The Role of Oxidative Stress and Natural Products in Maintaining Human Health

“…Lam et al [18] evaluated the effects of dihydro-resveratrol, which is distributed in plants of the Orchidaceae family and Cannabis sativa L., on insulin resistance, lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation in a high-fat-diet-induced mouse model; the primary mechanism comprised a reduction in the aggravation of oxidative stress via the modulation of the Nrf2-related antioxidative cascade. Wang et al [19] revealed that Glabridin, an isoflavone extracted from Licorice root, alleviated ethanol-induced liver injury damage via a reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation through the p38 MAPK/Nrf2/NF-κB Aurori et al [20] demonstrated that the nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin can by mitigated via antioxidant therapy that utilizes an extract prepared from the fruits of Cornus mas and Sorbus aucuparia.…”