The neglected role of Enterobius vermicularis in appendicitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Taghipour, Ali; Olfatifar, Meysam; Javanmard, Ehsan; Norouzi, Mojtaba; Mirjalali, Hamed; Zali, Mohammad Reza

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0232143

Cited by 44 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The nematode Enterobius vermicularis, widely known as pinworm, is the foremost parasitic cause of gastrointestinal infection worldwide [1][2][3][4]. It is also the most commonly identified parasite incidentally found within the appendix of a clinically diagnosed appendicitis [2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The worldwide association of Enterobius vermicularis infestation with acute appendicitis ranges extensively from 0.2% to 41.8%, with an overall average global prevalence of 4% [1,5,6]. Although Enterobius vermicularis infection can affect patients of all ages, it primarily resides in children, affecting between 4% and 28% of children worldwide [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transmission is most common via the faecal-oral route and following ingestion of infected eggs, the larvae hatch in the stomach and small intestine. They then travel to the colon, mainly to the caecum and appendix, and mature into adult pinworms [1,3,[5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enterobius Vermicularis: A Parasitic Cause of Appendicular Colic

Chitnis

Azimi

Sabri

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Enterobius vermicularis is the most commonly identified parasite incidentally found within the appendix of a clinically diagnosed appendicitis. This parasitic cause of appendicular colic, primarily affecting children, is an important cause of negative appendicectomy. We report an unusual and interesting case of a young female who presented with clinical features of acute appendicitis. Laparoscopic appendicectomy revealed the presence of an Enterobius vermicularis infestation originating from the lumen of her vermiform appendix. Our case report is supplemented with a review of the literature, an overview of the parasitology, and discussion of pertinent symptomatology and peri-operative management strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enterobius Vermicularis: A Parasitic Cause of Appendicular Colic

Chitnis

Azimi

Sabri

et al. 2020

Cureus

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“…Pinworm is a cosmopolitan parasite and one of the most common helminths infecting humans in temperate and cool climates, including developed countries. It is estimated that 1-33% of children are infected globally [ 22 ]. According to the data in the third national survey, the prevalence of pinworm in children aged 3 to 6 years is 3.4% and 8.7% in the whole country and Guangxi, respectively [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection in Guangxi, Southern China

Jiang

Wan

et al. 2021

Trop Med Health

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Background Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), such as hookworm, roundworm and whipworm, and food-borne trematodiases, including Clonorchis sinensis, remain a public health problem worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Objective We aimed to determine the current prevalence of these parasites in Guangxi, China, which is located in a subtropical region. Methods A cross-sectional study and a 4-year longitudinal surveillance study were carried out. Stool samples were collected and examined microscopically for parasite eggs using the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method. Results The study subjects selected using stratified random cluster sampling for the cross-sectional study and longitudinal surveillance study numbered 15,683 and 24,429, respectively. In the cross-sectional study, hookworm, roundworm, whipworm, pinworm, C. sinensis, and tapeworm were found. The total prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) was 6.4% (95% CI, 6.0-6.8). The prevalences of C. sinensis, hookworm, roundworm, whipworm, and pinworm were 10.6%, 4.2%, 0.3%, 0.3%, and 1.8%, respectively. The prevalence of C. sinensis in males (14.0%, 95% CI, 13.3-14.8) was significantly higher than in females (7.2%, 95% CI, 6.7-7.8) (P = 0.0001). The prevalence also was significantly higher in the medical worker group (20.8%, 95% CI, 12.9-28.7) than in all other occupational groups (10.5%, 95% CI, 10.0-11.0) (P = 0.0001). The prevalence of hookworm in females (5.3%, 95% CI, 4.8-5.8) was significantly higher than in males (3.0%, 95% CI, 2.6-3.3) (P = 0.0001). In the longitudinal surveillance study, the prevalence of C. sinensis and STHs in 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019 were 12.0%, 6.0%, 11.0%, and 10.0% and 2.6%, 2.8%, 1.5%, and 1.5%, respectively. Conclusions Adult male and occupation of and medical workers are risk factors for infection with C. sinensis and hookworm. The prevalence rate of C. sinensis remains high while those of the other STHs are decreasing, suggesting that enhanced health education should be focused on C. sinensis in Guangxi.

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“…Forest plot of six studies examining the effect of HIV sero status on intestinal parasite 2004-2018, Ethiopia.DiscussionTuberculosis and intestinal parasites overlap geographically, and can represented with high prevalence in the area where there is poor socioeconomic status( 46). Additionally, it is evident that due to complicated immune status of TB patients with immunodeficiency disorders, this group of patients are at higher risk of developing intestinal parasites infection( 26). To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis in Ethiopia to provide the pooled national prevalence of intestinal parasites and its association with HIV among tuberculosis patients.The national prevalence of intestinal parasites among patients with TB was 36.11%.…”

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confidence: 92%

Intestinal parasites and human immuno virus in Ethiopian tuberclosis patients: A Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Dessie¹,

Wagnew²,

Amare³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: The distribution of intestinal parasites among patients with tuberculosis in Ethiopia has not been well understood. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to determine the pooled national prevalence of intestinal parasites and its association with HIV among patients with tuberculosis in Ethiopia. Methods: Original articles were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and World Health Organization’s HINARI portal and supplemented by the hand searching of cross-references. Data were extracted using a standard data extraction checklist. Random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of intestinal parasites and odds ratio of the association. The I2 statistic was utilized to quantify statistical heterogeneity across studies. Funnel plot asymmetry and Egger’s regression tests were used to check for publication bias. The analysis was done by STATA version 14 for Windows. Results: Of 725 identified studies, 12 articles were eligible for inclusion in the final analysis. The pooled national prevalence of intestinal parasites among patients with tuberculosis in Ethiopia was 36.1% (95% CI: 22.1 – 50.1, I2:98.7%). Subgroup analysis based on study design indicated that the prevalence of intestinal parasite among case-control studies was 41.69% (95% CI: 28.6 – 54.8, I2: 95.1%). The odds of intestinal parasites among patients with tuberculosis- HIV co-infection was not significantly different compared with patients with tuberculosis without HIV/AIDS (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.7 - 4.7, p: 0.96). Conclusion: In Ethiopia, at least one out of three patients with tuberculosis have intestinal parasite. These findings suggest the need of more attention on increasing screening tuberculosis patients for intestinal parasites and deworming intervention.

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The neglected role of Enterobius vermicularis in appendicitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 44 publications

References 78 publications

Enterobius Vermicularis: A Parasitic Cause of Appendicular Colic

Enterobius Vermicularis: A Parasitic Cause of Appendicular Colic

High prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection in Guangxi, Southern China

Intestinal parasites and human immuno virus in Ethiopian tuberclosis patients: A Systematic review and meta-analysis.

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