Enterobius Vermicularis: A Parasitic Cause of Appendicular Colic

Chitnis, Abhishek; Azimi, David Yousefi; Sabri, Shariq; Dhebri, Alhad

doi:10.7759/cureus.8524

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Microscopic examination of Enterobius vermicularis specimens revealed acute inflammation in 10 (47.6%) specimens only. This finding is consistent with previous research done by Chitnis et al (2020).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Intestinal Enterobius vermicularis infections are the most frequent helminthic infections, affecting up to 200 million people worldwide and Enterobius vermicularis infections can mimic acute appendicitis (Chitnis et al, 2020;Sousa et al, 2021). In the present study, the most often reported parasite associated with acute appendicitis was Enterobius vermicularis, which was found in 21 (56.8%) of the specimens with parasitic infections and all patients had no mixed parasitic infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parasitic Infections as a Neglected Cause of Acute Appendicitis: Value of Routine Pathological Handling of Appendectomy Specimens

Alghamdi,

Salem,

Ghannam

et al. 2024

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, D. Histology

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Background:The role of parasitic infections in acute appendicitis is still debatable. We aimed to investigate the role of parasitic infections in acute appendicitis as a neglected risk factor in an attempt to early recognition and treatment. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study included 1365 patients who underwent appendectomy. Demographic data, presentation, complications, investigation, and pathological reports were obtained from patients' records. Patients were categorized into two groups: group I (n=37), with parasitic infections present, and group II (n=1328) absent parasitic infections. Results: The prevalence of acute parasitic appendicitis was 2.7%. The mean age group of patients with appendiceal parasitic infections was 23.86±10.1 years with a male/female ratio of 1.6:1. The detected parasites were 21 (56.8%) Enterobius vermicularis, 9 (24.3%) Ascaris lumbricoides, 7 (18.9%) Schistosoma mansoni. The histopathological examination of acute appendicitis with parasitic infections revealed non-complicated histopathology in 62.2% of specimens, acute catarrhal inflammation in 13.5% of specimens, acute suppurative appendicitis in 16.2%, acutely gangrenous appendicitis in 5.4% of specimens and with schistosomiasis infection there was acutely gangrenous appendicitis with perforation in 2.7% of specimens. Common presenting symptoms in acute appendicitis with parasitic infections were nausea in 86.5%, and periumbilical pain in 78.3%. The complications were significantly common among acute appendicitis patients with parasitic infections (13.5%) compared to those without parasitic infections (4.1%) (p=0.006). There is no reported mortality among studied cases. Conclusions: The current study demonstrated that acute parasitic infection is one of the infectious agents that may increase the risk of appendicitis and can be identified postoperatively in the resected appendix. These findings emphasize the importance of considering the neglected role of parasites in acute appendicitis. As a result, early detection and treatment of parasites are recommended for complete eradication.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitic Infections as a Neglected Cause of Acute Appendicitis: Value of Routine Pathological Handling of Appendectomy Specimens

Alghamdi,

Salem,

Ghannam

et al. 2024

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, D. Histology

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“…A notable case report describes a 17-year-old Caucasian female who presented with a classic picture of acute appendicitis. Intra-operatively, Enterobius vermicularis, commonly known as pinworm, was found obstructing and traversing the base of the appendix, underscoring the diverse array of etiological factors that can contribute to this condition [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Salmonella typhi Cause Acute Appendicitis?

Mithany,

Shaikh,

Scott

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Salmonella typhi, commonly known for causing typhoid fever, is recognized as a bacterium responsible for a wide range of gastrointestinal and systemic infections. While its systemic manifestations have been well-documented, its association with localized gastrointestinal complications, such as appendicitis, remains relatively rare and less explored. This case report presents a compelling clinical case of a 55-year-old patient who presented with symptoms of gastrointestinal distress and was diagnosed with S. typhi-induced appendicitis. The patient's history, clinical presentation, laboratory investigations, radiological findings, management, and outcomes are thoroughly discussed. The report also touches upon the broader context of appendicitis etiology and highlights the significance of prompt diagnosis and intervention in cases of Salmonella-induced appendicitis.

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“…(tapeworm), Hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm), Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm), Trichuris trichiura (whipworm), Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma mansoni, Giardia lamblia, and the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica [165,166]. Such parasite infections may further cause appendicular colic [167] or appendicitis [167][168][169].…”

Section: Other Diagnoses Associated With the Vermiform Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Vermiform Appendix and Its Pathologies

Constantin,

Petrescu,

Mătanie

et al. 2023

Cancers

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The vermiform appendix is a muscular cylindrical structure originating near the junction of the cecum and ileum, averaging 9 cm (5–35 cm) in size. As the most mobile viscera, it can adopt several positions, the most common being the retrocecal position. Perceived as an atavistic organ lacking physiological relevance, the vermiform appendix appears to be involved in immune function, serving in the maturation of B lymphocytes and the production of immunoglobulin A, in endocrine function, excreting amines and hormones in the 2–3 mL of mucus secreted daily, and in digestive function, by storing beneficial bacteria from where they can recolonize the colon. With a lumen of about 6 mm, the vermiform appendix has a reduced storage capacity, so any blockage of the appendix with fecoliths (fecaliths), seeds derailed from the colon, or enlarged lymph nodes prevents drainage and intraluminal accumulation of secreted mucus. Unable to relax, the appendix wall severely limits its intraluminal volume, so mucus accumulation leads to inflammation of the appendix, known generically as appendicitis. In addition, the vermiform appendix may be the site of the development of neoplastic processes, which may or may not involve mucus production, some of which can significantly affect the standard of living and ultimately lead to death. In general, mucinous tumors may have a better prognosis than non-mucinous tumors. This review takes a comprehensive path, starting by describing the anatomy and embryology of the vermiform appendix and further detailing its inflammatory pathologies, pathologies related to congenital anomalies, and appendix tumors, thus creating an up-to-date framework for better understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of these health problems.

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Enterobius Vermicularis: A Parasitic Cause of Appendicular Colic

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Parasitic Infections as a Neglected Cause of Acute Appendicitis: Value of Routine Pathological Handling of Appendectomy Specimens

Parasitic Infections as a Neglected Cause of Acute Appendicitis: Value of Routine Pathological Handling of Appendectomy Specimens

Can Salmonella typhi Cause Acute Appendicitis?

The Vermiform Appendix and Its Pathologies

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