The Nature of the<scp>C</scp><scp>M</scp>Bond (<scp>M</scp> = <scp>Ge</scp>,<scp>Sn</scp>,<scp>Pb</scp>)

Basch, Harold; Hoz, Tova

doi:10.1002/9780470682531.pat0042

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…3). The OS results were consistent across the prognostic and geographic subgroups evaluated, including age (<75, 75 years), PSA levels (<median value, median value), bone metastases (4,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)21), and bisphosphonate use ( Fig. 4).…”

Section: Overall Survivalmentioning

confidence: 56%

Phase 3, randomized, placebo‐controlled study of zibotentan (ZD4054) in patients with castration‐resistant prostate cancer metastatic to bone

Nelson

Fizazi

Miller

et al. 2012

Cancer

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BACKGROUND: Endothelin-1 and the endothelin A (ET A ) receptor have been implicated in prostate cancer progression in bone. This study aimed to determine whether the specific ET A receptor antagonist, zibotentan, prolonged overall survival (OS) in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases who were pain-free or mildly symptomatic for pain. METHODS: Patients were randomized 1:1 to zibotentan 10 mg/day or placebo, plus standard prostate cancer treatment. The primary endpoint was OS. Secondary endpoints included times to pain progression, chemotherapy use, new bone metastases, and safety. Efficacy endpoints were analyzed using a log-rank test. RESULTS: A total of 594 patients were randomized (zibotentan, n ¼ 299; placebo, n ¼ 295). Median OS was 24.5 months in zibotentan-treated patients versus 22.5 months for placebo, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (hazard ratio, 0.87; 95.2% confidence interval, 0.69-1.10; P ¼ .240). No statistically significant differences were observed for any secondary efficacy endpoints. Peripheral edema (44%) and headache (31%) were the most commonly reported adverse events in the zibotentan group. Cardiac failure events were higher in the zibotentan group than placebo (any grade, 5.7% and 1.7%; Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade 3, 3.0% and 1.0%, respectively); these were manageable and reversible. CONCLUSIONS: In this large, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, treatment with zibotentan 10 mg/day did not lead to a statistically significant improvement in OS in this patient population. Zibotentan had an acceptable safety profile. Cancer

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Section: Overall Survivalmentioning

confidence: 56%

Phase 3, randomized, placebo‐controlled study of zibotentan (ZD4054) in patients with castration‐resistant prostate cancer metastatic to bone

Nelson

Fizazi

Miller

et al. 2012

Cancer

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“…[124] Indeed melanocytic differentiation requires ECM-induced integrin stimulation to be completed. [125] Other drivers of differentiation include the endothelin-3 receptor, [126] the stem cell factor receptor cKIT [127] and Pax7 which is upstream of Sox10, [128] as well as candidate contributor GLI1. [129] Although cKIT and its ligand, stem cell factor, play a role in melanocyte stem cell recruitment, mutations affecting this pathway are more readily associated with piebaldism.…”

Section: S Tem Cell De Velopmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The convergence theory for vitiligo: A reappraisal

Kundu

Mhlaba

Rangel

et al. 2018

Experimental Dermatology

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Vitiligo is characterized by progressive loss of skin pigmentation. The search for aetiologic factors has led to the biochemical, the neurologic and the autoimmune theory. The convergence theory was then proposed several years ago to incorporate existing theories of vitiligo development into a single overview of vitiligo aetiology. The viewpoint that vitiligo is not caused only by predisposing mutations, or only by melanocytes responding to chemical/radiation exposure, or only by hyperreactive T cells, but rather results from a combination of aetiologic factors that impact melanocyte viability, has certainly stood the test of time. New findings have since informed the description of progressive depigmentation. Understanding the relative importance of such aetiologic factors combined with a careful selection of the most targetable pathways will continue to drive the next phase in vitiligo research: the development of effective therapeutics. In that arena, it is likewise important to acknowledge that pathways affected in some patients may not be altered in others. Taken together, the convergence theory continues to provide a comprehensive viewpoint of vitiligo aetiology. The theory serves to intertwine aetiologic pathways and will help to define pathways amenable to disease intervention in individual patients.

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“…Freestanding crucibles of pBN are reproducibly produced by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process on a graphite mandrel at temperatures between 1450 and 2300 C in a hot wall furnace [140,141] using boron trichloride (BCl 3 ) and ammonia (NH 3 ). pBN is a fine-grained anisotropic high-temperature ceramic with a layered hexagonal structure similar to graphite but with a different step sequence in the c-direction (AAA in pBN, ABAB in graphite).…”

Section: Cruciblesmentioning

confidence: 99%