The Nature of the Crustal Structure of the Eastern Anatolian Plateau, Turkey

Yılmaz, Ali Osman; Yılmaz, Hüseyin; Kaya, Cemal; Boztuğ, Durmuş

doi:10.3166/ga.23.167-183

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The EAAC concept has had wide resonance and is now ingrained in the scientific literature. However, recent field and labora-tory data indicate that eastern Anatolia is instead characterized by continental assemblages that underwent high-temperature and medium-pressure metamorphism at middle-to lower-crustal depths during the Late Cretaceous (Yılmaz et al, 2010;Topuz et al, 2017), as discussed above. These continental assemblages are tectonically overlain by disrupted ophiolites or ophiolitic mélange obducted in the Late Cretaceous and then pushed southward during the closure of the northern branch of the Neotethys and the ensuing development of the Izmir-Ankara-Erzincan suture zone (e.g., Okay and Tüysüz, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…1) marks the continental collision between Arabia and Eurasia. This is a major event in Earth's history, which isolated the Mediterranean and the Indian ocean, and has been linked to mid-Cenozoic global cooling, Red Sea rifting, extension in the Aegean region, inception of the North and East Anatolian strike-slip fault systems, and development of the Anatolian-Iranian continental plateau (e.g., Şengör and Kidd, 1979;Dewey et al, 1986;Jolivet and Faccenna, 2000;Barazangi et al, 2006;Robertson et al, 2007;Allen and Armstrong, 2008;Yılmaz et al, 2010). The age of the continental collision has been the topic of much debate, with proposed ages ranging widely from the Late Cretaceous to the Pliocene (Hall, 1976;Berberian and King, 1981;Şengör et al, 1985;Yılmaz, 1993;Alavi, 1994;Jolivet and Faccenna, 2000;Agard et al, 2005;Robertson et al, 2007;Allen and Armstrong, 2008;Okay et al, 2010;McQuarrie and van Hinsbergen, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermochronology of the Miocene Arabia-Eurasia collision zone of southeastern Turkey

et al. 2018

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The Bitlis-Pütürge collision zone of SE Turkey is the area of maximum indentation along the >2400-km-long Assyrian-Zagros suture between Arabia and Eurasia. The integration of (i ) fission-track analyses on apatites, (ii ) (U-Th)/He analyses on zircons, (iii ) field observations on stratigraphic and structural relationships, and (iv) preexisting U-Pb and Ar-Ar age determinations on zircons, amphiboles, and micas provides for the first time an overall picture of the thermo chronometric evolution of this collisional orogen. The data set points to ubiquitous latest Cretaceous metamorphism of a passive margin sedimentary sequence and its igneous basement not only along the suture zone but across the entire width of the Anatolia-Tauride block north of the suture. During the early Paleogene the basement complex of the Bitlis and Pütürge massifs along the suture was rapidly exhumed due to extensional tectonics in a back-arc setting and eventually overlain by Eocene shallow-marine sediments. The entire Oligocene is characterized by a rather flat thermochronometric evolution in the Bitlis orogenic wedge, contrary to the widely held belief that this epoch marked the inception of the Arabia-Eurasia collision and was characterized by widespread deformation. Deposition of a thick Oligocene sedimentary succession in the Muş-Hınıs basin occurred in a retroarc foreland setting unrelated to continental collision. During the Middle Miocene, the Bitlis-Pütürge orogenic wedge underwent a significant and discrete phase of rapid growth by both frontal accretion, as shown by cooling/exhumation of the foreland deposits on both sides of the orogenic prism, and underplating, as shown by cooling/ exhumation of the central metamorphic core of the orogenic wedge. We conclude that continental collision started in the mid-Miocene, as also shown by coeval thick syntectonic clastic wedges deposited in flexural basins along the Arabian plate northern margin and contractional reactivation of a number of preexisting structures in the European foreland.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochronology of the Miocene Arabia-Eurasia collision zone of southeastern Turkey

et al. 2018

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“…The NE Anatolian ophiolites have been studied to characterize their geodynamic environments (Eyüboğlu, Bektas, & Pul, 2007;Parlak et al, 2013;Rice et al, 2006;Sarıfakıoğlu, Özen, & Winchester, 2009;Topuz, Göçmengil, et al, 2013;Yılmaz, Yılmaz, Kaya, & Boztuğ, 2010). Geochemical analyses of these ophiolites show similar rock types as in Armenia as well as most of the ophiolites worldwide, that is to say Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB) to volcanic arc rocks and withinplate basalts.…”

Section: Northeast Anatoliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking the NE Anatolian and Lesser Caucasus ophiolites: evidence for large-scale obduction of oceanic crust and implications for the formation of the Lesser Caucasus-Pontides Arc

et al. 2013

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In the Lesser Caucasus and NE Anatolia, three domains are distinguished from south to north: (1) Gondwanian-derived continental terranes represented by the South Armenian Block (SAB) and the Tauride-Anatolide Platform (TAP), (2) scattered outcrops of Mesozoic ophiolites, obducted during the Upper Cretaceous times, marking the northern Neotethys suture, and (3) the Eurasian plate, represented by the Eastern Pontides and the Somkheto-Karabagh Arc. At several locations along the northern Neotethyan suture, slivers of preserved unmetamorphozed relics of now-disappeared Northern Neotethys oceanic domain (ophiolite bodies) are obducted over the northern edge of the passive SAB and TAP margins to the south. There is evidence for thrusting of the suture zone ophiolites towards the north; however, we ascribe this to retro-thrusting and accretion onto the active Eurasian margin during the latter stages of obduction. Geodynamic reconstructions of the Lesser Caucasus feature two north dipping subduction zones: (1) one under the Eurasian margin and (2) farther south, an intra-oceanic subduction leading to ophiolite emplacement above the northern margin of SAB. We extend our model for the Lesser Caucasus to NE Anatolia by proposing that the ophiolites of these zones originate from the same oceanic domain, emplaced during a common obduction event. This would correspond to the obduction of nonmetamorphic oceanic domain along a lateral distance of more than 500 km and overthrust up to 80 km of passive continental margin. We infer that the missing volcanic arc, formed above the intra-oceanic subduction, was dragged under the obducting ophiolite through scaling by faulting and tectonic erosion. In this scenario part of the blueschists of Stepanavan, the garnet amphibolites of Amasia and the metamorphic arc complex of Erzincan correspond to this missing volcanic arc. Distal outcrops of this exceptional object were preserved from latter collision, concentrated along the suture zones.

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“…In addition, the North Anatolian-Lesser Caucasus Suture (NALCS) delineates the northern side, while the Southeastern Anatolian Suture delineates the southern side of the Eastern Anatolian Plateau (EAP). The basement of the EAR is made up of the continental crust and obducted ophiolitic and overlying forearc units (Yılmaz et al, 2010).…”

Section: Eastern Anatolian Basinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Bitlis area, the Bitlis Massif metamorphic rocks crop out from beneath obducted ophiolites and mélanges (Göncüoğlu and Turhan, 1983;Yılmaz et al, 2010). Mainly in the Mutki area, Maastrichtian conglomerate overlies the metamorphics and ophiolitic units together.…”

Section: Muş Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural evolution of the Eastern Anatolian Basins: an example from collisional to postcollisional tectonic processes, Turkey

Yılmaz¹,

Yılmaz²

2019

Turkish J Earth Sci

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The Nature of the Crustal Structure of the Eastern Anatolian Plateau, Turkey

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

Thermochronology of the Miocene Arabia-Eurasia collision zone of southeastern Turkey

Thermochronology of the Miocene Arabia-Eurasia collision zone of southeastern Turkey

Linking the NE Anatolian and Lesser Caucasus ophiolites: evidence for large-scale obduction of oceanic crust and implications for the formation of the Lesser Caucasus-Pontides Arc

Structural evolution of the Eastern Anatolian Basins: an example from collisional to postcollisional tectonic processes, Turkey

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