The Nature of News

Schramm, Wilbur

doi:10.1177/107769904902600301

Cited by 84 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…studies of uses and gratifications are carried out, die media or media content are usually viewed dichotomously as predominantly fantasist-escapist or informational-educational in significance." This dichotomy appears, for example, in Schramm's (1949) work (adopted subsequently by Schramm, Lyle, and Parker, 1961;Pietila, 1969;and Furu, 1971), which distinguishes between sets of "immediate" and "deferred" gratifications, and in the distinction between informational and entertainment materials. In terms of audience gratifications specifically, it emerges in the distinction between surveillance and escape uses of the media.…”

Section: Typologies Of Audience Gratificationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Uses and Gratifications Research

Katz

Blumler

Gurevitch³

1973

Public Opinion Quarterly

2,278

1,347

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Section: Typologies Of Audience Gratificationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Uses and Gratifications Research

Katz

Blumler

Gurevitch³

1973

Public Opinion Quarterly

2,278

1,347

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“…The terms then made their way step by step from journalistic into academic language. In the middle of the last century, Schramm (1949) was one of the first US scholars to reflect on the division between different types of news from the perspective of audiences. He distinguished between delayed-reward and immediate-reward news and his distinction very much resembles the division between hard and soft news.…”

Section: Theoretical and Empirical Foundationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard and soft news: A review of concepts, operationalizations and key findings

et al. 2011

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Over 30 years, a large body of research on what is often called 'hard' and 'soft news' has accumulated in communication studies. However, there is no consensus about what hard and soft news exactly is, or how it should be defined or measured. Moreover, the concept has not been clearly differentiated from or systematically related to concepts addressing very similar phenomena -tabloidization and 'infotainment'. Consequently, the results of various studies are hard to compare and different scientific discourses on related issues remain unconnected. Against this backdrop, this article offers a conceptual analysis of the concept based on studies in English and other languages. We identify key dimensions of the concept and make suggestions for a standardized definition and multi-dimensional measurement of harder and softer news. In doing so, we propose to distinguish thematic, focus and style features as basic dimensions that -in their combination -make up harder and softer types of news.

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“…Wimmer and Dominick (1994) proposed that U&G began in the 1940s when researchers became interested in why audiences engaged in various forms of media behavior, such as listening to the radio or reading the newspaper. Still others credit the U&G perspective with Schramm's (1949) immediate reward and delayed reward model of media gratifications (Dozier & Rice, 1984).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Uses and Gratifications Theory in the 21st Century

Ruggiero¹

2000

Mass Communication and Society

1,835

561

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Some mass communications scholars have contended that uses and gratifications is not a rigorous social science theory. In this article, I argue just the oppositeWhat mass communication scholars today refer to as the uses and gratifications (U&G) approach is generally recognized to be a subtradition of media effects research (McQuail, 1994). Early in the history of communications research, an approach was developed to study the gratifications that attract and hold audiences to the kinds of media and the types of content that satisfy their social and psychological needs (Cantril, 1942). Much early effects research adopted the experimental or quasi-experimental approach, in which communication conditions were manipulated in search of general lessons about how better to communicate, or about the unintended consequences of messages (Klapper, 1960).

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The Nature of News

Cited by 84 publications

References 6 publications

Uses and Gratifications Research

Uses and Gratifications Research

Hard and soft news: A review of concepts, operationalizations and key findings

Uses and Gratifications Theory in the 21st Century

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