The nature and course of subthreshold PTSD

Cukor, Judith; Wyka, Katarzyna; Jayasinghe, Nimali; Difede, JoAnn

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.06.017

Cited by 165 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similar to findings within the general population [8], results from the current study indicate that older adults (and Veterans) with PTSD have more psychological, social, and financial problems, as well as greater treatment-seeking stigma beliefs, than those with fewer or no PTSD symptoms. Further, PTSD has an added negative influence on mental HQL, even after accounting for comorbid mental health diagnoses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Many older adults may not meet all criteria for a PTSD diagnosis, but controversy exists regarding criteria for partial (or subclinical) PTSD. Some researchers define partial PTSD as meeting criterion B (re-experiencing) and at least one symptom from both criteria C (avoidance and numbing) and D (hyperarousal) [7], whereas others argue for inclusion of additional symptoms [8][9]. Estimates of the prevalence of subclinical PTSD among older adults ranges from 5.5 to 15 percent [5,[10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health status and treatment-seeking stigma in older adults with trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder

Kaiser¹,

Seligowski²,

Spiro³

et al. 2016

J Rehabil Res Dev

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Abstract-This study compared health status across four trauma/posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) groups of older adults with depression, anxiety, and/or at-risk drinking who attended primary care appointments (N = 1,199; mean age = 73.5 yr), mostly at Department of Veterans Affairs hospitals. The trauma and PTSD categories were PTSD (n = 81), partial PTSD (n = 127), trauma only (n = 323), and no trauma (n = 668). Physical and mental health-related quality of life (HQL), indices of social and economic impairment and stigma regarding treatment-seeking were compared among groups. Group differences were found for several indicators of functional impairment; the PTSD group had fewer close friends and higher treatment-seeking stigma beliefs related to having a disorder. Linear mixed modeling examined associations between trauma/PTSD group and HQL. After accounting for covariates, the trauma/PTSD groups differed across the Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36 scales and component scores (indicated by significant group by scale interaction). Differences among groups were confined to mental health measures; those with PTSD had worse HQL. Post hoc analyses examined the number of comorbid psychiatric diagnoses by trauma/PTSD group. Overall, findings indicate that mental HQL varies among older adults with trauma and PTSD and that although treatmentrelated stigma does not differ among groups, it does affect HQL.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health status and treatment-seeking stigma in older adults with trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder

Kaiser¹,

Seligowski²,

Spiro³

et al. 2016

J Rehabil Res Dev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, there is a need to address the comorbidity that is often found (O’Donnell, Creamer, & Pattison, 2004), particularly at the PHC level (Campbell et al, 2007; Herman et al, 2009). Subthreshold presentations of PTSD are associated with similar levels of psychosocial impairment to those found in people diagnosed with PTSD (Cukor, Wyka, Jayasinghe, & Difede, 2010; Zlotnick, Franklin, & Zimmerman, 2002). To lower the impact of psychosocial impairment on PHC facility users, both PTSD and subthreshold PTSD have to be recognized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Prevalence and correlates of probable post-traumatic stress disorder and common mental disorders in a population with a high prevalence of HIV in Zimbabwe

Verhey

Gibson

Brakarsh

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: We investigated the prevalence of and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and common mental disorders (CMDs), which include depression and anxiety disorders, in a setting with a prevalence of high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) within a primary care clinic, using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 and the 14-item Shona Symptom Questionnaire, both locally validated screening tools.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out with adult patients (n = 204) from the largest primary care clinic facility in Harare, Zimbabwe, in June 2016.Results: A total of 83 patients (40.7%) met the criteria for probable PTSD, of whom 57 (69.5%) had comorbid CMDs. Among people living with HIV, 42 (55.3%) had PTSD. Probable PTSD was associated with having experienced a negative life event in the past 6 months [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.49–9.34] or screening positive for one or more CMD (adjusted OR 6.48, 95% CI 3.35–2.54).Conclusion: People living with HIV showed a high prevalence of PTSD and CMD comorbidity. PTSD screening should be considered when the CMD screen is positive and there is a history of negative life events.

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“…One study found that individuals with PTSD evidenced 30 percent greater overall impairment in social, occupational, and family functioning compared with a group with subthreshold PTSD. Nonetheless, the subthreshold group also experienced substantial impairment, approximately four times greater than those without PTSD [82]. Other studies have found that individuals with partial PTSD showed levels of impairment similar to individuals who met full criteria [83], and those with full or subthreshold PTSD had similar degrees of social and work impairment [84].…”

Section: Limitations Of Current Diagnostic Classification Systemmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Individuals who may be subthreshold, diagnostically speaking, or who report only some symptoms of a given disorder may also experience substantially impaired functioning [81][82]. One study found that individuals with PTSD evidenced 30 percent greater overall impairment in social, occupational, and family functioning compared with a group with subthreshold PTSD.…”

Section: Limitations Of Current Diagnostic Classification Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder-related functional impairment: A review

Rodriguez

Holowka²,

Marx³

2012

JRRD

160

110

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Abstract-In 2010, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Department of Defense (DOD) jointly published the revised VA/DOD Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Posttraumatic Stress. The Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) provides evidence-based recommendations for diagnosing and treating a spectrum of stress-related disorders. Included in the CPG were recommendations for assessing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other stress disorder-related functional impairment. This article complements those CPG recommendations by providing information that may further guide clinicians in the assessment of functional impairment related to PTSD and other stress-related disorders. We briefly review some of the empirical literature on the association between PTSD and functional impairment and some of the more frequently used methods and measures for assessing functional impairment and introduce a new measure currently being developed by our group. We suggest that information obtained via patient self-report and/or clinician rating be supplemented whenever possible with collateral data from friends, family members, coworkers, or supervisors to provide a complete picture of current and premorbid functional status. Finally, we explore several important issues that we encourage clinicians to keep in mind when assessing functional impairment among Veterans and Active Duty servicemembers.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov; PT074941, "Development and validation of a PTSD-related functional impairment scale;" http://www.clinicaltrials.gov.

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The nature and course of subthreshold PTSD

Cited by 165 publications

References 22 publications

Health status and treatment-seeking stigma in older adults with trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder

Health status and treatment-seeking stigma in older adults with trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder

Prevalence and correlates of probable post-traumatic stress disorder and common mental disorders in a population with a high prevalence of HIV in Zimbabwe

Assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder-related functional impairment: A review

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