The natural course of habitual abortion

Jong, M. H. Houwert-De; Termijtelen, A.; Eskes, T.K.A.B.; Mantingh, A.; Bruinse, Hein W.

doi:10.1016/0028-2243(89)90133-0

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Several other studies have, however, also reported a beneficial effect of psychologic well-being. [143][144][145] These data are tantalizing, but the biologic basis for this effect remains obscure.…”

Section: Psychologic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Causes of Fetal Wastage

Simpson¹

2007

Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Fetal wastage has many causes, but genetic factors are by far the most common. The earlier the pregnancy loss occurs, the greater the likelihood of genetic causation. Among first trimester abortions, 50% to 80% show chromosomal abnormalities, usually aneuploidy. This is greater than all other causes combined. Chromosomal numerical abnormalities can be recurrent and sporadic; failure to take this into account is a major pitfall in many reports addressing causation. Moreover, many causes of fetal wastage that are traditionally considered to be "nongenetic" are actually the result of perturbations of gene products-proteins. Among nongenetic causes of first trimester fetal wastage, the best established are thyroid abnormities; antifetal antibodies; and the inherited and acquired thrombophilias. The latter are more established in the second trimester. Uterine anomalies can lead to second trimester losses. Infections seem uncommon, and alloimmune causes are not validated.

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Section: Psychologic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Causes of Fetal Wastage

Simpson¹

2007

Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology

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“…Despite extensive research, the mechanism of maternal tolerance to paternal antigens is still unclear [1], Fetal-induced suppression of the mater nal immune response is a possible mechanism [2][3][4][5]. Sup portive evidence for this hypothesis includes reports of decreased blastogenesis and increased numbers of sup pressor cells in lymphocytes obtained from pregnant women [6][7][8][9], and the demonstration of suppressor cell accumulation in the decidua [10,11], Habitual abortion could conceivably result from lack of this suppression [ 12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Suppression Activity Induced by Paternal Leukocyte Immunization in Habitual Abortion

Behar¹,

Carp²,

Livneh

et al. 1993

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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In order to investigate the possible role of suppressor cells in paternal leukocyte immunization to prevent recurrent miscarriages, peripheral blood lymphocytes from habitually aborting women before and after immunization were assessed. Immunization-induced suppressor activity as shown by (1) rise in CD8-positive cells and a decline in the CD4/CD8 ratio, (2) failure of cyclosporine A to inhibit the proliferation of phytohemagglutinin- and alloantigen-stimulated cells and (3) unresponsiveness to the immunizing spouses’ antigen. These findings resembled those in normal pregnant women. Hence, paternal leukocyte immunization may induce specific and nonspecific T cell suppression which may induce the immune tolerance necessary to maintain pregnancy.

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“…First trimester miscarriages have many causes, and second trimester fetal deaths have been considered to be more characteristic of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. [15][16][17][18][19] There is general agreement that women meeting both criteria (positive for antiphospholipid antibody and having two or more prior fetal losses, regardless of duration of pregnancy) should be treated.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy Loss in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Lockshin

1999

Thromb Haemost

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The natural course of habitual abortion

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Causes of Fetal Wastage

Causes of Fetal Wastage

Differential Suppression Activity Induced by Paternal Leukocyte Immunization in Habitual Abortion

Pregnancy Loss in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome

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