The Nano-Particle Mass Classifier (Nano-PMC): Development, Characterization, and Application for Determining the Mass, Apparent Density, and Shape of Particles with Masses Down to the Zeptogram Range

Broßell, Dirk; Valenti, Marco; Bezantakos, S.; Schmidt‐Ott, A.; Biskos, George

doi:10.1080/02786826.2015.1045964

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(45 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A similar experimental technique coupling the H-TDMA and APM was first introduced by McMurry et al (2002) for investigating urban atmospheric aerosol, and Pagels et al (2009) used another similar experimental scheme to examine the transformation of soot particle morphology. In addition, the tandem DMA-APM technique was usually applied for determining apparent density and dynamic shape factors of dry nonspherical particles (Park et al 2004;Geller et al 2006;Charvet et al 2014;Broßell et al 2015). The details of the two subsystems are introduced in the following subsections.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The corresponding classable mass ranged from 0.001 to 1000 femtograms (fg, 10 ¡15 g), and a size range of 58-5759 nm assuming spherical unit density particles. In an improved design with higher rotation speeds, known as nanoparticle mass classifier (Nano-PMC) developed by Broßell et al (2015), the masses of classified particles can be down to 20 zeptograms (zg, 10 ¡21 g). Moreover, APM was operated at a constant rotational speed, and the particle concentrations at the APM outlet were then measured using a CPC (TSI 3022A) at discrete applying voltages; that is, system response spectrum (C N ¡ V) (Tajima et al 2011).…”

Section: H-dma-apmmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Aqueous film formation on irregularly shaped inorganic nanoparticles before deliquescence, as revealed by a hygroscopic differential mobility analyzer–Aerosol particle mass system

Hsiao

Young

Tai

et al. 2016

Aerosol Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer (H-TDMA) and a hygroscopic coupled DMA and aerosol particle mass (H-DMA-APM) were coupled to examine aqueous film formation and the deliquescence behavior of inorganic nanoparticles. The two systems complement each other because H-DMA-APM measures mass change, while H-TDMA measures mobility diameter (volume) change of nanoparticles upon water uptake. The former mass change was, in particular, more capable to discern minute particle phase changes than the latter size change at moderate RHs. The mass and diameter changes were used to derive the particle effective density for evaluation of aqueous film formation on the nanoparticle surface before and after deliquescence transition. The measurements further showed that approximately 3-5 and 12-20 monolayer equivalents of water molecules formed on the respective surface of 50-and 100-nm inorganic aerosols (ammonium sulfate and sodium chloride) before deliquescence relative humidity (DRH). These findings support the physical basis of the coated-surface model given by Russell and Ming in 2002, and suggest that the phase transition of inorganic nanoparticles near deliquescence is a gradual process instead of an abrupt change. This phenomenon changed the surface energy values, thus confirming the explanation that the DRH of nanoparticles increases as the particle size decreases. This is the first direct observation of nanoparticle deliquescence phase transition using the H-DMA-APM system, and the detailed characterization of aqueous film formation on inorganic nanoparticles is feasible with the presented measurement systems.

show abstract

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: H-dma-apmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous film formation on irregularly shaped inorganic nanoparticles before deliquescence, as revealed by a hygroscopic differential mobility analyzer–Aerosol particle mass system

Hsiao

Young

Tai

et al. 2016

Aerosol Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It was reported that m APM was lower than m pre;d mob for Polystyrene Latex (PSL), sodium chlorides (NaCl), and Santovac oil droplets for nanoparticles smaller than 30 nm and up to 12 nm (Santovac oil droplets) (Tajima et al 2011;2013). Similar underestimation was also observed in the test with the Nano-PMC (Broßell et al 2015). Figure 1 summarizes the experimental results reported in the literatures and the PSL data measured in the present work, which clearly shows that the mass ratio of m APM to m pre;d mob decreases with decreasing particle size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…The system is accurate for 50-800 nm aerosols (McMurry et al 2002;Tajima et al 2011;2013, Rawat et al 2016). The couette centrifugal particle mass analyzer (CPMA) and nano-particle mass classifier (Nano-PMC), also apply the same classifying principle as the APM but have different mechanical designs (Olfert and Collings 2005;Broßell et al 2015). Although previous study had presented a laboratory method with a tandem DMA-impactor system for sub-10 nm nanoparticles (Fern andez de la Mora et al 2003), the single aerosol mass measurement for sub-50 nm nanoparticles is still limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The accuracy of the aerosol particle mass analyzer for nanoparticle classification

Liao

Tseng

Tsai

2017

Aerosol Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aerosol mass measurement method, DMA-APM, measures a lower mass as compared to the electrical mobility diameter-based particle mass for sub-50 nm nanoparticles. The extent of underestimation increases with decreasing nanoparticle diameter and can reach as much as 20-80% for different nanoparticles between 10-20 nm. To study this issue, the DMA-APM system was tested with traceable size standards (PSL and NanoSilica) and laboratory generated silver nanoparticles. It was found that the extent of mass underestimation depended on Brownian diffusion as well as the strength of the classifying forces, and the extent was quantified by a dimensionless parameter λ c;P , which is suggested to be higher than 40 to eliminate the mass underestimation for size standards. Further analysis also showed that the uncertainty in the particle density of test nanoparticles should be as low as possible to minimize the error in the judgment on the accuracy of the APM. Finally, the absolute accuracy of the APM at different λ c;P was determined by the size standards, which could be used to correct for the mass underestimation for sub-50 nm nanoparticles.

show abstract

“…For partially dispersed CNT materials, these densities are unknown. Future experiments will aim at characterizing aerosols using a so-called nano-particle mass classifier (nano-PMC) that was developed recently (Broßell et al 2015 ). In combination with a differential mass analyzer, it allows measuring the mass and density of aerosol particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous dry dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes to aerosols with high concentrations of individual fibers

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The assessment of the toxicity of airborne nanofibers is an important task. It relies on toxicological inhalation studies and validated exposure measurement techniques. Both require nanofiber-containing aerosols of known morphological composition and controlled fraction of individual fibers. Here, a dry powder dispersion method is presented that operates with mixtures of nanofibers and microscale beads. Aerosolization experiments of mixtures of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and glass beads that were continuously fed into a Venturi nozzle enabled high generation rates of aerosols composed of individual and agglomerate nanofiber structures. The aerosol process achieved good stability over more than 2 h with respect to concentration and aerodynamic size distribution. Its operation duration is limited only by the reservoir volume of the cyclone used to separate the beads from the aerosol. The aerosol concentration can be controlled by changing the mass ratio of MWCNTs and glass beads or by adapting the mass feed rate to the nozzle. For two agglomerated MWCNT materials, aerosol concentrations ranged from 1700 to 64,000 nano-objects per cm3. Comprehensive scanning electron microscope analysis of filter samples was performed to categorize and determine the morphological composition of the aerosol, its fiber content as well as fiber length and diameter distributions. High fractions of individual fibers of up to 34% were obtained, which shows the setup to be capable of dispersing also highly tangled MWCNT agglomerates effectively.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s11051-018-4262-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

The Nano-Particle Mass Classifier (Nano-PMC): Development, Characterization, and Application for Determining the Mass, Apparent Density, and Shape of Particles with Masses Down to the Zeptogram Range

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Aqueous film formation on irregularly shaped inorganic nanoparticles before deliquescence, as revealed by a hygroscopic differential mobility analyzer–Aerosol particle mass system

Aqueous film formation on irregularly shaped inorganic nanoparticles before deliquescence, as revealed by a hygroscopic differential mobility analyzer–Aerosol particle mass system

The accuracy of the aerosol particle mass analyzer for nanoparticle classification

Continuous dry dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes to aerosols with high concentrations of individual fibers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About