The multixenobiotic defense mechanism in mussels is induced by substrates and non-substrates: Implications for a general stress response

Eufemia, N.; Epel, David

doi:10.1016/s0141-1136(97)00051-2

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, our verapamil exposure results shown that males need 24 h to decrease the residual rhodamine B concentration more than by half, while a 9 h exposure is enough to females for halving this concentration. The fact that the rhodamine B elimination was blocked by verapamil supports previous studies showing that this defense mechanism is due to a P-glycoprotein activity which has broad substrate specificity (Eufemia and Epel 1998). In addition, Eufemia and Epel (2000) have observed an increase of the P-glycoprotein in the mussel Mytilus californianus exposed to 1 and 5 ppm of pentachlorophenol and chlorthal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The remaining G. pulex were distributed in each exposure conditions. Five males and females were placed individually in 20 mL of Volvic water (negative control group), while five males and females were exposed individually to 20 mL verapamil 50 lM (positive control group), 20 mL BDE-47 at 0.09 ± 0.014 lg L -1 or 20 mL BDE-99 at 0.091 ± 0.01 lg L -1 , for 24 h. Verapamil was used as positive control due to its blocking action of the MXR pump (Eufemia and Epel 1998). Experimental design was carried out five-times to study MXR activity after 1, 3, 6, 9 and 24 h of exposure.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Changes in antitoxic defense systems of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex exposed to BDE-47 and BDE-99

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are emerging pollutants widely distributed in aquatic environment. Although the bioaccumulation of this compound has been well studied, few studies have investigated their impacts on antitoxic systems of invertebrates, considering both genders. Here, we have evaluated the effects of BDE-47 and BDE-99 congeners on the antitoxic defence systems of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex, and especially on the multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) activity, as well as the activities of two antitoxic enzymes, the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and the glutathione peroxidases (GPx). Results revealed that BDE-47 and BDE-99 have inhibited the MXR activity whatever the gammarid gender, which could lead to a reduction of the pollutant elimination from the organism. In addition, a gender-biased response and a congener-biased effect on the antitoxic enzymes activities were observed. Indeed, both BDE congener exposures increased the GST activity in males, whereas in females, only BDE-99 congener modified this activity by decreasing it. On the contrary, BDE exposures did not impact the GPx activity in females, while in males BDE-99 has increased it. Results of the present study highlight that a PBDE exposure at 0.1 lg L -1 modify antitoxic enzymes activities differently according to gender, which could lead to a change in G. pulex sensitivity on the long term. Finally, this work confirms the ecotoxicological implication of gender in the pollutant toxicity assessment, in order to evaluate impact on populations.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in antitoxic defense systems of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex exposed to BDE-47 and BDE-99

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In Mytilus galloprovincialis, PCBs compete with rhodamine (a known Pgp substrate), leading to an increase in either dye accumulation or impaired export . In M. californianus, the same effects on rhodamine transport were also correlated with MXR protein titer (Eufemia & Epel 1998).No correlation was observed for Crassostrea gigas between MXR content and contaminant concentrations. In the oyster C. virginica, Keppler & Ringwood (2001) also failed to find any correlation between MXR proteins and pollutants in another field study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Multixenobiotic resistance protein expression in Mytilus edulis, M. galloprovincialis and Crassostrea gigas from the French coasts

Minier¹,

Moore²,

Galgani³

et al. 2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) is a membrane-transport mechanism that allows organisms to exclude many compounds from their cells and tissues. It is thus a first line of defence against a variety of toxic compounds. Since mussels and oysters possess MXR proteins, an analysis of the expression level of these membrane-transporters has been conducted in relation to their body burden of some major environmental contaminants. Mussels Mytilus edulis and M. galloprovincialis and the oyster Crassostrea gigas were sampled from a total of 43 sites along the French coasts. High expression levels were found in animals from the major French estuaries (Seine, Loire and Gironde), at a few sites in Brittany and in nearly all sites from the Mediterranean mainland coasts. Multivariate analysis of the data for both species of blue mussel did show significant differences between groups of samples. Results indicated that expression of MXR protein was strongly associated with contaminant concentrations in mussels, and that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were directly correlated with MXR protein concentration. However, multivariate analysis of oysters, which were collected in less-contaminated sites, at least for organic pollutants, did not show any significant differences between MXR protein expression and contaminants. Although the results do not infer a causal linkage between mussel MXR protein, PAHs and PCBs, since many other chemical contaminants are also present at some sites, they do show clearly that MXR protein expression can be used as an indicator of pollutant exposure in blue mussels. The findings also highlight the need to use alternative analytical methods for the interpretation of complex environmental data, and that non-parametric multivariate statistical methods are appropriate for this task. KEY WORDS: MXR · P-glycoprotein · Biomonitoring · Mytilus edulis · Mytilus galloprovincialis · Crassostrea gigas Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 322: [143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154] 2006 Several studies have shown that mussels and oysters possess a multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) mechanism (Minier et al. 1993, Lüdeking & Köhler 2002 similar to the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenomenon first discovered in mammalian cells and later identified in many other organisms including bacteria, plants, fungi, invertebrates and vertebrates (Lage 2003). Characteristics of this defence system have been established in studies on mammalian cell lines isolated for resistance to a single cytotoxic drug, which subsequently were shown to be cross-resistant to numerous structurally and functionally unrelated drugs (Biedler & Riehm 1970, Akiyama et al. 1985. The cytotoxic compounds are predominantly alkaloids and antibiotics of plant and fungal origin (Gottesman & Pastan 1993). The pharmacological basis for the resistance appears to be decreased drug accumulation and retention, mediated by the ATP-...

show abstract

“…Completing the list of approaches, the multiplex RT-PCR system enables us to investigate this important mechanism in aquatic invertebrates at the gene regulatory level. Exposure to polluted water increases both MXR activity and protein titer in a concentrationdependent manner (Kurelec et al 1996, Eufemia & Epel 1998. Knowledge of the whole set of detoxification and biotransformation genes may considerably improve the characterisation of exposure, a crucial segment in the process of environmental risk assessment.…”

Section: Net Intensity (%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of six mRNA sequences of genes related to multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) and biotransformation in Mytilus edulis

Lüdeking¹,

Köhler²

2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tissue-specific gene expression of the MXR (multixenobiotic resistance) and biotransformation-related gene homologs for the multidrug resistance protein 1 (Mdr 1), the multidrug resistance protein (Mrp), the major vault protein (Mvp, i.e. the lung resistance protein, Lrp), glutathione S-transferase (Gst pi), heat-shock protein 70 gene (Hsp70), and cytochrome p450 (Cyp4A) was analysed in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis. Additionally, Topoisomerase II (TopoII) and actin were investigated as indicators for mitotic activity and as internal standards. We identified highly conserved regions in the corresponding genes of several other species, and synthesised degenerate olignucleotide primers designed to amplify these regions from M. edulis mRNA. Resulting RT-PCR products were cloned into a T-tailed vector and DNA-sequenced. The results were evaluated by computer-based sequence alignment with the known gene sequences of blueprint species. PCR amplified fragments were used as probes for Northern blot hybridisation to identify transcript sizes. Specific oligonucleotide primers were designed from the M. edulis sequences for each gene and used for semi-quantitative multiplex RT-PCR to investigate tissue-specific gene expression. We have cloned and DNA-sequenced segments of the M. edulis P-gp, Mvp(Lrp), Gst pi, Hsp70, TopoII and actin genes. Semi-quantitative multiplex RT-PCR rapidly identified characteristic differential geneexpression patterns in a range of mussel tissues, and is therefore a promising tool for comprehensive studies of gene regulation in marine invertebrates in adaptation to various physiological conditions, including responses to natural and anthropogenic stressors.

show abstract

The multixenobiotic defense mechanism in mussels is induced by substrates and non-substrates: Implications for a general stress response

Cited by 28 publications

References 10 publications

Changes in antitoxic defense systems of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex exposed to BDE-47 and BDE-99

Changes in antitoxic defense systems of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex exposed to BDE-47 and BDE-99

Multixenobiotic resistance protein expression in Mytilus edulis, M. galloprovincialis and Crassostrea gigas from the French coasts

Identification of six mRNA sequences of genes related to multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) and biotransformation in Mytilus edulis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About