Changes in antitoxic defense systems of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex exposed to BDE-47 and BDE-99

Abstract

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are emerging pollutants widely distributed in aquatic environment. Although the bioaccumulation of this compound has been well studied, few studies have investigated their impacts on antitoxic systems of invertebrates, considering both genders. Here, we have evaluated the effects of BDE-47 and BDE-99 congeners on the antitoxic defence systems of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex, and especially on the multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) activity, as well as the activities of two antitoxic enzymes, the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and the glutathione peroxidases (GPx). Results revealed that BDE-47 and BDE-99 have inhibited the MXR activity whatever the gammarid gender, which could lead to a reduction of the pollutant elimination from the organism. In addition, a gender-biased response and a congener-biased effect on the antitoxic enzymes activities were observed. Indeed, both BDE congener exposures increased the GST activity in males, whereas in females, only BDE-99 congener modified this activity by decreasing it. On the contrary, BDE exposures did not impact the GPx activity in females, while in males BDE-99 has increased it. Results of the present study highlight that a PBDE exposure at 0.1 lg L -1 modify antitoxic enzymes activities differently according to gender, which could lead to a change in G. pulex sensitivity on the long term. Finally, this work confirms the ecotoxicological implication of gender in the pollutant toxicity assessment, in order to evaluate impact on populations.

Bioaccumulation of decabromodiphenyl ether affects the antioxidant system in the clam Mactra veneriformis

“…Molecular markers indicate the biological effects of pollutant stresses, which can be used as biomarkers of exposure, especially at low concentrations. Antioxidant enzymes are sensitive biomarkers of aquatic pollution, and have been widely studied in aquatic organisms (Xie et al, 2014;Horion et al, 2015;Shenai-Tirodkar et al, 2017). In the present research, SOD, CAT, and GPx showed quick and sensitive response to BDE-209 stress with time-or dose-dependent manner.…”

“…The antioxidant system can scavenge ROS and protect the body from oxidative damage using enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). These enzymes in aquatic animals are sensitively responsive to PBDEs and considered as biomarkers of water pollution (Xie et al, 2014;Horion et al, 2015;Shenai-Tirodkar et al, 2017). However, to our best knowledge, few studies have focused on the effect of BDE-209 on antioxidant enzymes in marine bivalves.…”

The invasive crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus facing chlordecone in Martinique: Bioaccumulation and depuration study

“…multi-xenobiotics resistance mechanism) pump system, protecting aquatic species against pollutant molecules (Kurelec, 1992), as already investigated in other aquatic invertebrates (i.e. bivalves and crustaceans) (Pain and Parant, 2007;Horion et al, 2015). This MXR system could explain the fact that CLD concentration decreased in the organism and increased in the water over time during the depuration phase, until the renewal at day 3.…”

Interactions of human drug transporters with chemical additives present in plastics: Potential consequences for toxicokinetics and health

“…Besides pesticides, chemicals belonging to various classes of environment, food or drinking water contaminants also interfere with human transporters (Nicklisch and Hamdoun, 2020). This is notably the case for chemical additives present in plastics Kim et al, 2007), known to also interact with xenobiotic transporters of aquatic organisms (Anselmo et al, 2012;Horion et al, 2015;Keiter et al, 2016;Nicklisch et al, 2021;Popovic et al, 2014).…”