The multifaceted link between inflammation and human diseases

Abstract

Increasing reports on epidemiological, diagnostic, and clinical studies suggest that dysfunction of the inflammatory reaction results in chronic illnesses such as cancer, arthritis, arteriosclerosis, neurological disorders, liver diseases, and renal disorders. Chronic inflammation might progress if injurious agent persists; however, more typically than not, the response is chronic from the start. Distinct to most changes in acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by the infiltration of damaged tissue by mononuclear cells like macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells, in addition to tissue destruction and attempts to repair. Phagocytes are the key players in the chronic inflammatory response. However, the important drawback is the activation of pathological phagocytes, which might result from continued tissue damage and lead to harmful diseases. The longer the inflammation persists, the greater the chance for the establishment of human diseases. The aim of this review was to focus on advances in the understanding of chronic inflammation and to summarize the impact and involvement of inflammatory agents in certain human diseases.

Baseline neutrophilia, derived neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and outcome in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with Nivolumab or Docetaxel

“…Inflammatory reaction results in chronic illnesses, including cancer (Rajendran et al, ). Inflammation is a hallmark of cancer and is a known driver of cancer development and progression.…”

In Silico and In Vitro Analysis of Multifunctionality of Animal Food-Derived Peptides

“…Oxidative stress occurs when reactive oxygen species (ROS) overload the body's defenses or when these defenses lose their capacity to react, leading to damage of essential cell components [11]. Experimental, clinical, and epidemiological studies have revealed that this status is involved in the development of NCDs such as arteriosclerosis, obesity, type 2 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis, neurological, liver, and renal disorders, and cancer [12]. Hypertension, defined as high blood pressure, is currently considered one of the major preventable risk factors linked to cardiovascular diseases [13].…”

Post‐transcriptional regulation of C‐C motif chemokine ligand 2 expression by ribosomal protein L22 during LPS‐mediated inflammation

“…There are accumulating evidences that highlight the role of RPs in regulation of critical cellular processes independent of their canonical functions in ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis [14,33,34]. Role of inflammation is now widely recognized with progression of a number of diseases in humans, for example atherosclerosis, cancer and rheumatoid arthritis [35]. Only a few reports are available that demonstrate the association of individual RPs in inflammation.…”