The multifaceted impact of complement on atherosclerosis

Kiss, Máté G.; Binder, Christoph J.

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.03.014

Cited by 42 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 170 publications

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“…Contact of blood with non-body surfaces triggers a wide range of reactions, including immune cell activation, coagulation and activation of the complement system. The complement system is part of human innate immunity, modulating the immune response and promoting the clearance of invading pathogens as well as the removal of damaged or dying cells, immune complexes, and cell debris [ 38 , 39 , 40 ]. To this end, the complement system releases complement factors and induces cytokines as well as coagulation factors [ 15 , 41 ].…”

Section: The Importance Of Dialyzer Performance and Hemocompatibility...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Hydrophilic Modification of Synthetic Dialysis Membranes on Hemocompatibility and Performance

Zawada

Lang

Ottillinger³

et al. 2022

Membranes

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The dialyzer is the core element in the hemodialysis treatment of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). During hemodialysis treatment, the dialyzer replaces the function of the kidney by removing small and middle-molecular weight uremic toxins, while retaining essential proteins. Meanwhile, a dialyzer should have the best possible hemocompatibility profile as the perpetuated contact of blood with artificial surfaces triggers complement activation, coagulation and immune cell activation, and even low-level activation repeated chronically over years may lead to undesired effects. During hemodialysis, the adsorption of plasma proteins to the dialyzer membrane leads to a formation of a secondary membrane, which can compromise both the uremic toxin removal and hemocompatibility of the dialyzer. Hydrophilic modifications of novel dialysis membranes have been shown to reduce protein adsorption, leading to better hemocompatibility profile and performance stability during dialysis treatments. This review article focuses on the importance of performance and hemocompatibility of dialysis membranes for the treatment of dialysis patients and summarizes recent studies on the impact of protein adsorption and hydrophilic modifications of membranes on these two core elements of a dialyzer.

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Section: The Importance Of Dialyzer Performance and Hemocompatibility...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Hydrophilic Modification of Synthetic Dialysis Membranes on Hemocompatibility and Performance

Zawada

Lang

Ottillinger³

et al. 2022

Membranes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In atherosclerosis, complement receptors (CR1, CR2, CR3, gC1q‐R as well as C3aR and C5aR) were identified to be expressed in plaques, and the mRNA levels of C1r, C1s, C4, C7 or C8 were found to be upregulated, whereas local productions of regulators including CD46, C1–INH, C4BP, DAF and CD59 were also detected. Furthermore, intracellular complement activation about C5a during atherosclerosis was observed in monocytes and macrophages upon exposure to cholesterol crystals and LDLR‐deficient mice lacking myeloid‐specific C5aR1 51 . Meanwhile, kidney endothelial cells and tubular epithelial cells produced virtually all complement proteins and activated complement system on its apical surface via the alternative pathway in kidney diseases 20,23 .…”

Section: Local Synthesis Of Complement In Vcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, intracellular complement activation about C5a during atherosclerosis was observed in monocytes and macrophages upon exposure to cholesterol crystals and LDLR‐deficient mice lacking myeloid‐specific C5aR1. 51 Meanwhile, kidney endothelial cells and tubular epithelial cells produced virtually all complement proteins and activated complement system on its apical surface via the alternative pathway in kidney diseases. 20 , 23 More important, increased C3 production by clonally expanding Sca1 + smooth muscle cells during atherosclerosis has been shown to exert proatherogenic functions.…”

Section: Local Synthesis Of Complement In Vcmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insight of complement system in the process of vascular calcification

Liu

Luo

Huang

2023

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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The complement system defences against pathogenic microbes and modulates immune homeostasis by interacting with the innate and adaptive immune systems. Dysregulation, impairment or inadvertent activation of complement system contributes to the pathogenesis of some autoimmune diseases and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Vascular calcification is the pivotal pathological basis of CVD, and contributes to the high morbidity and mortality of CVD. Increasing evidences indicate that the complement system plays a key role in chronic kidney diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and aging‐related diseases, which are closely related with vascular calcification. However, the effect of complement system on vascular calcification is still unclear. In this review, we summarize current evidences about the activation of complement system in vascular calcification. We also describe the complex network of complement system and vascular smooth muscle cells osteogenic transdifferentiation, systemic inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, extracellular matrix remodelling, oxidative stress, apoptosis in vascular calcification. Hence, providing a better understanding of the potential relationship between complement system and vascular calcification, so as to provide a direction for slowing the progression of this burgeoning health concern.

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“…This finding has opened new avenues for other anti-inflammatory interventions and validates the clinical use of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with CVD. The complement system has also been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of CVD (Kiss and Binder, 2022). Accordingly, various complement proteins have been proposed as prognostic biomarkers of CVD (Poppelaars et al, 2018(Poppelaars et al, , 2016.…”

Section: Autoimmune and Vascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%